Thermo-hydro and thermo-hydro-mechanical wood processing: An opportunity for future environmentally friendly wood products

Sandberg, Dick; Haller, Peer; Navi, Parviz

doi:10.1080/17480272.2012.751935

Cited by 256 publications

(174 citation statements)

References 84 publications

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“…THM is an eco-friendly method, which relies on the combination of temperature (T), moisture content (MC) and mechanical action (Hill 2006). The THM treatment improves the dimensional stability, resistance to degradation and mechanical behavior (Yin et al 2011;Sandberg et al 2013;Navi and Pizzi 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of thermo-hygro-mechanical (THM) treatment on the viscoelasticity of in-situ lignin

et al. 2017

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For producing wood products without fractures based on thermo-hygro-mechanical (THM) treatments, it is essential to understand how steaming and compression change the wood softening and cell wall components. In this paper, the effects of compression combined with steam treatment (CS) on the viscoelasticity of the in-situ lignin of Chinese fir has been investigated through dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) under fully saturated conditions. Several variations were studied, such as the softening temperature (T g ) and apparent activation energy (ΔH a ) of the softening process in response to CS treatment conditions (such as steam temperature and compression ratio) under separate consideration of earlywood (EW) and latewood (LW). No difference between EW and LW with respect to the viscoelasticity was noted. T g and ΔH a of the lignin softening were nearly unaffected by the compression ratio, but were highly influenced by the steam temperature. The T g decreased significantly with CS treatments at or above 160 o C, but showed no appreciable change, compared to the native wood, at the lower steaming temperature of 140 o C. ΔH a increased at higher steam temperatures, while ΔH a showed a decreasing tendency with decreasing T g . This indicates that lignin undergoes a simultaneous depolymerization as well as a condensation during CS treatment.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of thermo-hygro-mechanical (THM) treatment on the viscoelasticity of in-situ lignin

et al. 2017

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“…The main components of wood are natural polymers of cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin. Cellulose is relatively stable, hemicellulose generates thermal pyrolysis, and lignin depolymerizes and softens during the welding process (Sandberg et al 2013;Zhou et al 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanical Evaluation and XRD/TG Investigation on the Properties of Wooden Dowel Welding

Zhu¹,

Sangbong²,

Gao³

et al. 2017

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Mechanical properties related to wooden dowel welding were studied using five different moisture content (MC) values. Birch wooden dowels and Chinese larch substrates were used in this study. A 2% MC for the wooden dowels and a 12% MC for the substrates resulted in the highest pullout resistance. A fitting analysis showed that there was a linear relationship between the pullout resistance and the different values of MC. The errors between the calculated values and the test values were less than 10%. The pullout resistance of the wooden dowel welding fit a Weibull distribution. No accurate linear relation existed between the 95% reliability pullout resistance and the different MC values. Chemical analyses were performed separately on the wooden dowel and the welding interface of a wooden dowel sample with 2% MC and a substrate with 12% MC. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis revealed that the degree of crystallinity of the welding interface was 75% higher than that of the wooden dowel. Finally, thermogravimetric analysis (TG) illustrated that pyrolysis of the wood components occurred during the wooden dowel welding process.

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“…A frequent cause of the failure of furniture parts is stress by repetitive strain, which adversely affects the overall durability of the finished products (Bezazi and Scarpa 2007;Sandberg et al 2013). The obtained data provides knowledge that can be used to decide whether the application of a tested material is suitable for its intended purpose of use.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bending Forces at the Proportionality Limit and the Maximum – Technological Innovations for Better Performance in Wood Processing Companies

et al. 2017

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Knowledge of the force required to overcome deformation at the proportionality limit, maximum limit, and their ratio, as well as knowledge of the effect of selected factors on the listed characteristics in bending stress, have both scientific and practical significance. They form a foundation for designing tools for bending and determine the stress that products and their parts can be exposed to during use. This study analyzes the effect of selected factors on the force at the proportionality limit (FE), the force at the maximum limit (FP), and the ratio of these two characteristics (FE/FP). This study examined the effect of the wood species (WS) (Fagus sylvatica L. and Populus tremula L.), material thickness (MT) (4 mm, 6 mm, 10 mm, and 18 mm), degree of densification (DOD) (0%, 10%, and 20%), and the number of cycles (NOC) (0 or 10,000), as well as their combined interaction, on the monitored characteristics. The results contribute to the advancement of knowledge necessary for the study and development of new materials with specific properties for their intended use. The results can improve the innovative potential of wood processing companies and increase their performance and competitiveness in the market.

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Thermo-hydro and thermo-hydro-mechanical wood processing: An opportunity for future environmentally friendly wood products

Cited by 256 publications

References 84 publications

Effects of thermo-hygro-mechanical (THM) treatment on the viscoelasticity of in-situ lignin

Effects of thermo-hygro-mechanical (THM) treatment on the viscoelasticity of in-situ lignin

Mechanical Evaluation and XRD/TG Investigation on the Properties of Wooden Dowel Welding

Bending Forces at the Proportionality Limit and the Maximum – Technological Innovations for Better Performance in Wood Processing Companies

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