“…The FM 1 uses an enhanced heat transfer mechanism developed at Argonne National Laboratory, which increases the convective heat transfer coefficient to about 3 W/cm 2 • °C [1 and 8] with single-phase water as the coolant. This enhancement reduces the maximum temperature and the maximum stress in the absorber by about 15 to 25 percent [2] compared to unenhanced, two-dimensional, single-channel absorber geometry with a previously proposed Undulator A [which had a wider x-ray footprint on the face plate because of a larger K (maximum deflection parameter) -2.5 rather than 2.23 of the current Undulator A].…”