Thermo-optic characterization of long-range surface-plasmon devices in Cytop

Fan, Hui; Berini, Pierre

doi:10.1364/ao.52.000162

Cited by 10 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…The membrane material is Cytop, which is a low-refractive index (∼1.34) soft and flexible amorphous fluoropolymer, previously demonstrated in other LRSPP devices. [40][41][42][43][44][45] The sensors are fabricated on 2″ silicon wafers which are patterned and wet etched to form the membrane. 46 For simplicity, the silicon substrate is hidden from view in Fig.…”

Section: Sensing Platformmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrogen sensing with Pd-coated long-range surface plasmon membrane waveguides

2016

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A low power, reusable optical hydrogen sensor using long-range surface plasmon polariton (LRSPP) cladded membrane waveguides is demonstrated. The sensor incorporates a 5 μm wide, 20 nm thick gold stripe embedded in a 160 nm thick free-standing Cytop membrane with a 5 nm thick Pd over-layer. Input and output coupling is achieved with directly integrated broadside grating couplers. The sensor is tested with hydrogen concentrations up to 3% and demonstrates a strong response with an estimated detection limit of 290 ppm, and a response time of 7 s to a 0.6% H2 step - this level of performance is among the best reported for optical H2 sensors. Cycling of the hydrogen exposure shows a significant hysteresis response, however no film deformation or delamination was observed over many cycles. The high stress that is induced in clamped films during hydrogenation is relaxed in due to the film being deposited on the flexible and elastic Cytop membrane. This could result in improved lifetimes for this sensor and increased uptake ability.

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Section: Sensing Platformmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrogen sensing with Pd-coated long-range surface plasmon membrane waveguides

2016

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“…But, the SRSPP mode generally has a small mode size and it is suitable for compact integrated optic devices and hybrid integrated chips [ 26 , 27 ]. The SPP waveguides have been employed in various optical devices, such as VOAs [ 28 ], filters [ 29 ], switches [ 30 ], and modulators [ 31 , 32 , 33 ] for the refractive indices of the claddings can be adjusted by thermo-optic or electro-optic effect. The LRSPP waveguide consisting of dielectric claddings with similar refractive indices and the metal thin film is extremely sensitive to the symmetry of refractive indices.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flexible Thermo-Optic Variable Attenuator based on Long-Range Surface Plasmon-Polariton Waveguides

et al. 2018

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A flexible thermo-optic variable attenuator based on long-range surface plasmon-polariton (LRSPP) waveguide for microwave photonic application was investigated. Low-loss polymer materials and high-quality silver strip were served as cladding layers and core layer of the LRSPP waveguide, respectively. By using finite element method (FEM), the thermal distribution and the optical field distribution have been carefully optimized. The fabricated device was characterized by end-fire excitation with a 1550 nm laser. The transmission performance of high-speed data and microwave modulated optical signal was measured while using a broadband microwave photonics link. The results indicated that the propagation loss of the LRSPP waveguide was about 1.92 dB/cm. The maximum attenuation of optical signal was about 28 dB at a driving voltage of 4.17 V, and the variable attenuation of microwave signals was obviously observed by applying different driving voltage to the heater. This flexible plasmonic variable attenuator is promising for chip-scale interconnection in high-density photonic integrated circuits and data transmission and amplitude control in microwave photonic systems.

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“…18 Active phase modulation schemes can mitigate this problem, 5 in our case, for instance, the insertion phase of the reference arm could be biased thermally by heating its stripe directly via current injection and exploiting the thermo-optic effect of Cytop. 19 As noted from the measurements on straight waveguides (Fig. 3), a fluidic waveguide has more loss than a cladded waveguide, so the sensing and reference arms of an MZI have different losses (i.e., the MZI is unbalanced).…”

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confidence: 99%

“…The microfluidic channels are 80 lm wide and $8 lm deep with a slight over etch on either side of the Au stripes ($400 nm beyond the stripe level) ensuring full exposure of the stripes to the sensing fluid. MZI design 19 and wafer fabrication 20,21 details are given elsewhere.…”

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Mach-Zehnder refractometric sensor using long-range surface plasmon waveguides

Khan

Krupin

Lisicka-Skrzek

et al. 2013

Applied Physics Letters

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Articles you may be interested inEfficient end-fire coupling of surface plasmons on flat metal surfaces for improved plasmonic Mach-Zehnder interferometer J. Appl. Phys. 113, 053101 (2013); 10.1063/1.4789809 Refractive index sensor based on hybrid coupler with short-range surface plasmon polariton and dielectric waveguide Appl. Phys. Lett. 100, 111108 (2012); 10.1063/1.3693408Demonstration of long-range surface plasmon-polariton waveguide sensors with asymmetric double-electrode structures Appl.A high sensitivity refractometer based upon a long period grating Mach-Zehnder interferometer Rev.We demonstrate refractometric sensing using long-range surface plasmons on a compact integrated Mach-Zehnder interferometer (MZI) formed from thin Au stripes in Cytop with an etched microfluidic channel defining the sensing arm. The transfer characteristics of MZIs were obtained by sequentially injecting solutions of increasing refractive index in the sensing arm. A detection limit of 9 Â 10 À7 RIU was achieved at k 0 ¼ 1310 nm, limited by unbalanced losses in the sensing and reference arms. A model is proposed for the MZIs, taking into account all loss mechanisms, and may be applied to MZI sensors in other technologies. V C 2013 AIP Publishing LLC.

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Thermo-optic characterization of long-range surface-plasmon devices in Cytop

Cited by 10 publications

References 31 publications

Hydrogen sensing with Pd-coated long-range surface plasmon membrane waveguides

Hydrogen sensing with Pd-coated long-range surface plasmon membrane waveguides

Flexible Thermo-Optic Variable Attenuator based on Long-Range Surface Plasmon-Polariton Waveguides

Mach-Zehnder refractometric sensor using long-range surface plasmon waveguides

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