With over 20 years of continued development of ionic
liquids (ILs)
for natural polymer processing and conversion, the design and facile
preparation of ILs is still a hot research topic. In this study, a
hydrogen bonding acceptor strengthening strategy was applied to design
ether functionalized protic ILs, which were synthesized by a solvent-free
neutralization reaction of methoxyacetic acid (Mea) and 1,5-diazabicyclo
[4.3.0]-5-nonene (DBN). The ether-functionalized protic ILs ([DBNH][Mea])
were identified as a satisfactory solvent for the simultaneous dissolution
of silk fibroin (SF) and cellulose at mild conditions, thus delivering
a new dissolution processing platform toward value-added SF-based
regenerated fiber materials. The strengthened simultaneous dissolution
mechanism of SF and cellulose in [DBNH][Mea] by the introduction of
an ether structure moiety in the anion was experimentally and computationally
verified, and the results indicated that the ether structure moiety
endowed it with more hydrogen-bonding acceptor sites, thus presenting
stronger hydrogen-bonding disruption ability and outstanding solubility
to SF and cellulose under mild conditions. Rheological study of the
SF/cellulose/[DBNH][Mea]/DMSO solutions was conducted systematically,
and the correlations between apparent viscosity (η), activation
energy (Εη), overlap concentration (c*), structural viscosity index (Δη), storage
modulus (G′) and loss modulus (G′′) of the solutions were highly correlated to the mass ratio of SF
to cellulose. A series of SF/cellulose composite fibers were prepared
by wet spinning using ethanol as the coagulation bath, and the obtained
composite fibers were analyzed by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR),
X-ray diffraction (XRD), elemental analysis, thermogravimetric analysis
(TGA) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and mechanical tests.
It was found that the composite fibers had high compatibility and
the postdrafting technique is beneficial for enhancing the mechanical
robustness.