Thermodynamic Analysis of M&lt;sub&gt;7&lt;/sub&gt;C&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt; Carbide Dissolution during Plasma Nitriding of an AISI D2 Tool Steel

Garzón, Carlos Mario; Franco, A.; Tschiptschin, André Paulo

doi:10.2355/isijinternational.isijint-2016-553

Cited by 10 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Studying the effects of plasma nitriding in steel, Garzón, Franco e Tschiptschin [67] verified relationship between the hardened-case depth and the depth of the region where carbon diffusion occurs. According to this study, the fact that the hardened-case was higher than the nitride-case depth could be attributed to carbon diffusion against the concentration gradient ( Figure 8).…”

Section: On the Nitrogen Concentration And Carbon Redistributionmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…Carbon redistribution could also have occurred in the diffusion zone, with initial carbon atoms diffusing towards the nitriding front. Resulting small peak of carbon can be detected in future analysis, also via WDS technics [67].…”

Section: Friction Based On Sclerometry Testmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…According to this study, the fact that the hardened-case was higher than the nitride-case depth could be attributed to carbon diffusion against the concentration gradient ( Figure 8). Carbon diffusion from low-carbon to high-carbon content regions would occur because nitrogen absorption increases the activity of carbon atoms at the region adjacent to the steel surface, with regard to atoms at deeper regions from the surface [67].…”

Section: On the Nitrogen Concentration And Carbon Redistributionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The cross sections were hot compression-mounted in phenolic resin and ground using increasingly finer silicon carbide (SiC) papers, from grit size 180 down to 1200, on an automatic polisher, and then polished using standard polishing clothes and polycrystalline diamond paste of reducing diamond particle sizes from 9 μm to 3 μm. Similarly to previous works [67,68], the WDS analyses were carried out in an Oxford WDX600 spectrometer ( Figure 29) with take-off angle of 35 o , coupled to a Cambridge Stereoscan 440 scanning electron microscope equipped with a LaB 6 emission source operating at 10 or 12 kV. Nitrogen was measured by using synthetic LSM60 crystal.…”

Section: Roughness Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As expected, concentration of nitrogen decreased with distance from surface, with shallow depth of penetration. Previous work [67], also using WDS microanalysis, performed quantitative characterization of nitrogen concentration gradient as a function of distance of penetration after plasma nitriding.…”

Section: Synthesismentioning

confidence: 99%

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On the plasma-assisted modifications of pre-textures surfaces: shallow depth nitriding in cast iron, topography and instrumented sclerometry test response.

Filho¹,

dos²

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A concept of plasma treatment for enhancing pre-textured surfaces of components made in pearlitic gray cast iron is proposed. It consists of a plasma nitriding at low temperatures and short times, in order to increase the hardness of the surface by means of a shallow depth nitride formation in the surface of the iron. As a result, the roughness pattern of a previously textured surface is preserved after the treatment. A review on the wear of internal combustion engine cylinders along with background research was conducted, which consisted in the description of cylinder bore wear features observed experimentally. The background research substantiated the significance of initiatives to enhance wear and friction response of pre-textured surfaces made of cast iron, such as the internal combustion engine cylinders. A series of plasma nitriding experiments was run on specimens extracted from engine cylinders. Flat specimens, obtained from blanks extracted from the cylinder wall of an engine cylinder block, were textured in laboratory in order to emulate the typical roughness distribution of an ordinary cylinder bore plateau honing process. Complementarily, a case-study experiment was performed in a honed sample of an internal combustion engine cylinder, whose surface in its original form (cylindrical) has been textured through industrial honing operations. Therefore, one among the potential applications of the research has been assessed. 3-D interference roughness measurements were performed before and after the plasma treatment to assess topographic stability of the textured surfaces. ε-Iron nitride (Fe 3 N) formation was identified via X-ray diffraction analysis. In addition, nitrogen concentration profile was quantitatively evaluated using wavelength-dispersive (X-ray) spectroscopy microanalysis, substantiating the nitride formation at shallow depth. Microhardness measurements and instrumented linear sclerometry test ('scratch test') results indicated that ε-iron nitride formation and solid solution hardening could provide enhanced properties to the surface of general pearlitic cast iron components, such as increase of wear resistance, and decrease of apparent coefficient of friction, in the assessed conditions. The results demonstrated that the roughness texture pattern was satisfactorily preserved after the treatment, which was supported by direct observation of the surfaces via scanning electronic microscopy.

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Section: On the Nitrogen Concentration And Carbon Redistributionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Section: Friction Based On Sclerometry Testmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: On the Nitrogen Concentration And Carbon Redistributionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Roughness Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Synthesismentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

On the plasma-assisted modifications of pre-textures surfaces: shallow depth nitriding in cast iron, topography and instrumented sclerometry test response.

Filho¹,

dos²

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Nitriding of White‐Solidified Fe–C–Si Alloys: Diffusion Path Concept Applied to Inhomogeneous Microstructures

2021

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Gray-solidified cast irons are frequently used to manufacture machine and engine parts due to their low cost, good compressive strength, and high damping capacity. [1,2] Their use is, however, often limited by poor surface hardness and corrosion resistance. Both can be notably improved by a duplex surface treatment developed in recent years. [3][4][5][6] First, the surface of the cast iron is remelted, e.g., by an electron beam or plasma arc. This produces a white-solidified, ledeburitic [7,8] surface layer, which is hard and abrasion-resistant. Afterward, the material is nitrided to enhance the corrosion resistance by the formation of a dense surface layer composed of the main Fe (carbo)nitrides, γ 0 -Fe 4 (N,C) and ε-Fe 3 (N,C) 1þx (Table 1), denoted compound layer. Note that nitriding without remelting leads to less favorable microstructures because coarse graphite particles contained in gray-solidified cast irons are detrimental to the compound layer formation. [3,4,[9][10][11] Although the general advantages of the previously described duplex treatment have been demonstrated, the nitriding behavior of the white-solidified surface layers turns out to be complex and incompletely understood. [12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19] The research of the current authors [12,18,19] aims at elucidating the complex nitriding behavior of the remelted surface layers by controlled gas nitriding of white-solidified Fe-3.5 wt% C-0/1.5/3 wt% Si alloys, serving as model alloys for commercially available ferritic cast iron grades subjected to remelting and nitriding. Note that, in contrast to ferritic cast irons, pearlitic cast irons often contain non-negligible additions of Mn and Cu, which may additionally affect the nitriding behavior. [17] The microstructure of white-solidified Fe-3.5 wt% C-1.5/3 wt% Si alloys, having C and Si contents typical of cast irons, is mainly composed of coarse eutectic cementite plates, θ-Fe 3 C 1Àz (Table 1), embedded in ferrite and pearlite. [20,21] The latter result from the decomposition of primary and eutectic γ-Fe during cooling after solidification. In addition, a minor volume fraction of Fe 23 Si 5 C 4 -type silicocarbide (Table 1) is contained in the alloys. [22][23][24] The distribution of Si in the white-solidified microstructure is very heterogeneous. The Si/Fe atomic ratio in the eutectic and pearlitic θ is u Si,θ < 3 Â 10 À4 and, here, considered negligible, say u Si,θ ! 0. [12] The Si/Fe atomic ratio in Fe 23 Si 5 C 4 is u Si,Fe 23 Si 5 C 4 % 0.22; however, it might take also values slightly different from 0.22 due to a possibly mixed Fe/Si site [23,24] and extended lattice defects affecting the composition. [22] The Si content in α-Fe relates to the Si content of γ-Fe, which is affected by Si segregation during solidification. The Si content in the center of γ-Fe dendrites is typically similar to the Si content of the alloy, while the outer rim of dendrites and last-to-freeze regions are enriched in Si. [25] The Si content in eutectic γ-Fe is higher

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Effect of carbonitride on the friction and wear properties of M50NiL steel after sequential carburizing and nitriding treatment

Zeng,

Liang,

et al. 2024

Materials Today Communications

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Thermodynamic Analysis of M<sub>7</sub>C<sub>3</sub> Carbide Dissolution during Plasma Nitriding of an AISI D2 Tool Steel

Cited by 10 publications

References 30 publications

On the plasma-assisted modifications of pre-textures surfaces: shallow depth nitriding in cast iron, topography and instrumented sclerometry test response.

On the plasma-assisted modifications of pre-textures surfaces: shallow depth nitriding in cast iron, topography and instrumented sclerometry test response.

Nitriding of White‐Solidified Fe–C–Si Alloys: Diffusion Path Concept Applied to Inhomogeneous Microstructures

Effect of carbonitride on the friction and wear properties of M50NiL steel after sequential carburizing and nitriding treatment

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