Thermodynamic and kinetic simulation of Y2O3 and Y2S3 nonmetallic phase formation in liquid steel

Abstract

The current work deals with the phenomenon of non-metallic inclusions as a result of the addition of yttrium to the liquid steel as an alloying component. The order of introducing individual components determines their final content in steel, and this problem was analyzed using the WYK_Stal program developed at AGH. The study of Y 2 O 3 and Y 2 S 3 phase precipitation and the relationship between the addition of Y, Al, Ca, O, and S in molten steel was studied using the thermodynamic models based on Wagner's formalism. The introductions of yttrium prior to aluminum brought about huge losses, and it mainly occurred due to the formation of oxides. The low oxygen content in the metal bath promotes the formation of yttrium sulphide. When yttrium is introduced after aluminum and calcium, yttrium is used for the precipitation of its sulfide, and in this way the manganese sulfide formation is reduced.

Analysis of the effect of cerium on the formation of non-metallic inclusions in low-carbon steel

“…The computer program WYK_STAL 25 was used for making a real-time simulation of the refining process. The algorithm used in this program is presented in works 22 , 25 . The results of calculations carried out with the WYK_STAL program are comparable to those of industrial smelting.…”

Pengkayaan Unsur Yttrium Dan Cerium Pada Terak Timah Bangka: Analisis Termodinamika

“…Fenomena inklusi non-logam sebagai akibat dari penambahan yttrium sebagai komponen paduan pada baja cair, urutan pengenalan komponen individu menentukan kandungan akhir mereka dalam baja, dan masalah ini dianalisis menggunakan program WYK_Stal. Studi pengendapan fase Y 2 O 3 dan Y 2 S 3 dan hubungan antara penambahan Y, Al, Ca, O, dan S pada baja cair dipelajari dengan menggunakan model termodinamika berdasarkan formalisme Wagner, jika yttrium dimasukkan setelah aluminium dan kalsium, yttrium digunakan untuk pengendapan sulfida, dan dengan cara ini pembentukan mangan sulfida berkurang [7].…”