Thermodynamic Cycle Analysis of Magnetohydrodynamic-Bypass Hypersonic Airbreathing Engines

Litchford, Ron J.; Cole, John W.; Bityurin, V. A.; Lineberry, J.T.

doi:10.2514/2.5769

Cited by 24 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 1 publication

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“…MHD energy conversion devices, such as a MHD electrical power generator, have attracted attention for their potential use in power-generating installations in space. 1-5 Furthermore, magnetoplasma aerodynamics for aerospace applications, such as MHD propulsion and acceleration 6,7 and MHD flow modification for hypersonic aircraft, [8][9][10][11][12][13] have drawn attention. A closed-cycle MHD ͑CCMHD͒ electrical power generator directly converts the enthalpy of a hightemperature gas to electrical energy without the use of rotating high-temperature parts.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experiments and numerical simulations on high-density magnetohydrodynamic electrical power generation

Murakami

Okuno

2008

Journal of Applied Physics

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We describe experiments and numerical simulations on high-density energy conversion using a compact closed-cycle magnetohydrodynamic electrical power generator, where shock-tube-based experiments and quasi-three-dimensional numerical simulations are fully coupled. The temporal plasma-fluid behavior, the one- and two-dimensional plasma-fluid structures, the enthalpy-entropy diagram, the Hall voltage-Hall current characteristics, and the quality of the energy conversion efficiency are investigated. The slightly divergent channel configuration, the application of high- and uniform-density magnetic flux to the entire generator, the high electrical conductivity, the symmetric plasma structure and stable plasma behavior, and the sufficient pressure gradient used to drive the fluid overcome the disadvantages of the generator due to its compactness, and markedly improve its energy conversion performance, namely, a power density of 0.76GW∕m3, an isentropic efficiency of 51%, and an enthalpy extraction ratio of 17.0%.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experiments and numerical simulations on high-density magnetohydrodynamic electrical power generation

Murakami

Okuno

2008

Journal of Applied Physics

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“…The acceleration forces of MHD is mostly produced by Lorentz forces (j x B) which attained by interaction of electric field and magnetic field [1]. The most viable engine in this application is the MHD bypass scramjet engine [2][3][4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical analysis of MHD accelerator using nonequilibrium air plasma for space propulsion

Anwari

Qazi

Sukarsan

2010

2010 the 2nd International Conference on Computer and Automation Engineering (ICCAE)

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Numerical analyses of Magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) accelerator using nonequilibrium air plasma are outlined in this paper. Composition of simulated air plasma consists of seven species, N 2 , N, O 2 , O, NO, NO + and e -. The Magnetohydrodynamic Augmented Propulsion Experiment (MAPX) channel designed by NASA is used in this simulation. The MacCormack scheme is used to solve the set of differential equations of MHD approximations. Characteristics of nonequilibrium air plasma as a working gas are shown. Numerical results show the fundamental characteristic and propulsion performance of MHD accelerator using diagonal electrode connection with constant diagonal angle setting 55 o .

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“…Most of the flowpath analyses have been focused on the performances of the bypass systems, including the off-design considerations [3][4][5][6] . On the other hand, Macheret studied the performances of the multidimensional, ideal, segmented MHD generator and accelerator by means of numerical simulation when electron beams were utilized to enhance the conductivity in the channels [5,6] .…”

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confidence: 99%

Characterization of the three-dimensional supersonic flow for the MHD generator

Lee

Dong

2009

Sci. China Ser. G-Phys. Mech. Astron.

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A numerical procedure based on a five-wave MHD model associated with non-ideal, low magnetic Reynolds number MHD flows was developed in the present study for analyzing the flow fields in the MHD generator of a MHD bypass scramjet. The numerical procedure is composed of an entropy conditioned scheme for solving the non-homogeneous Navier-Stokes equations, in conjunction with an SOR method for solving the elliptic equation governing the electrical potential. It was found that a separation would take place near the downstream edge of the second electrode, where the local adverse pressure gradient is large, and the core of the flow field is characterized as a 2-D flow due to the Hartmann effects along the direction of the magnetic field. The electric current lines would be increasingly distorted as the magnetic interactive parameter increases, and even induce an eddy current. Induced eddy current was also found in the different cross-sections along the axial direction, all of these would definitely deteriorate the performance of the MHD generator. The cross-sectional M-shape velocity profile found along the axial direction between the insulating walls is responsible for the formation of the vortex flow at the corner of the insulator cross-section, which, in turn, induces the corner eddy current at the corner. A numerical parametric study was also performed, and the computed performance parameters for the MHD generator suggest that, in order to enhance the performance of MHD generator, the magnetic interaction parameter should be elevated. MHD generator, entropy conditioned scheme, SOR, numerical simulationResearch on magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) has become increasingly active in many countries due to the potential applications in the area of hypersonic technology. In early nineties of the last century, Russian had proposed a new concept on a combined propulsion system composed of a turbojet and an MHD enhanced scramjet for hypersonic cruisers, and established the AJAX development program. The MHD enhanced scramjet engine is presently known as the MHD bypass scramjet [1] . The most essential concept in AJAX program is to take advantage of the electromagnetic force and its capacity on controlling the external and internal flow fields for the fight vehicle to improve the propulsion performances. The internal MHD generator is one of the critical components in MHD bypass scramjet system responsible for extracting the enthalpy from the main inlet flow for two purposes. The first is to lower the total enthalpy of the flow entering the combustion chamber for improving the thermomechanical performances of the scramjet, and maintaining the thermal environment of the combustion chamber to meet the constraints on the thermostructural design. The other is to convert the enthalpy into electric power. Part of the electric power is transferred to MHD accelerator placed downstream of the combustor, and the remaining will be applied to pre-ionizer to provide the required flow conductivity in the MHD channels and the onboard systems. Th...

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Thermodynamic Cycle Analysis of Magnetohydrodynamic-Bypass Hypersonic Airbreathing Engines

Cited by 24 publications

References 1 publication

Experiments and numerical simulations on high-density magnetohydrodynamic electrical power generation

Experiments and numerical simulations on high-density magnetohydrodynamic electrical power generation

Numerical analysis of MHD accelerator using nonequilibrium air plasma for space propulsion

Characterization of the three-dimensional supersonic flow for the MHD generator

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