Thermodynamic Studies of Ternary Systems:  I. LiCl−(n-Bu)4NCl−H2O at 25 °C

Fox, Douglas M.; Leifer, Leslie

doi:10.1021/jp992248k

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Very recently, Fox and Leifer have employed the Scatchard−Rush−Johnson (SRJ) equations to analyze the osmotic coefficient data of the LiCl−( n -Bu) 4 NCl−H 2 O system up to I = 8 mol kg -1 . These authors have successfully determined various interaction terms using the theories of Friedman and of Leifer and Wigent .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ionic Interactions in Aqueous Mixtures of NaCl with Guanidinium Chloride: Osmotic Coefficients, Densities, Speeds of Sound, Surface Tensions, Viscosities, and the Derived Properties

Kumar

2000

J. Phys. Chem. B

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The isopiestic osmotic coefficients, densities, and speeds of sound of aqueous mixtures of NaCl with guanidinium chloride (GnCl) have been measured at different ionic strengths with varying compositions at 298.15 K with a view to determine the ionic interactions. The excess free energy, Δm G E, volume, Δm V E, and compressibility of mixing, Δm K E, of the NaCl−GnCl mixtures at constant ionic strength show interesting features with changing ionic strength fractions of the electrolytes. These excess properties of mixing with both negative and positive signs can be attributed to the mixing of hydrophilic and hydrophobic ions. It is shown that the binary and ternary interaction terms play an important role in the accurate representation of the osmotic coefficients, activity coefficients, volumes, and compressibilities of the mixtures. Measurements on the surface tension and viscosity of the NaCl−GnCl mixtures have also been reported. A simple equation incorporating like charge interactions has been employed to correlate the surface tension of the mixtures. The mixture viscosities have also been estimated from the parameters of pure NaCl and GnCl with an empirical mixing rule.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ionic Interactions in Aqueous Mixtures of NaCl with Guanidinium Chloride: Osmotic Coefficients, Densities, Speeds of Sound, Surface Tensions, Viscosities, and the Derived Properties

Kumar

2000

J. Phys. Chem. B

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“…It is hoped that the estimation of the ionic-interactions shown above will find its application in understanding the origin of forces responsible for the effects of ions on reactions of organic and biological interest. The osmotic and activity coefficient data of the above mixtures can also be successfully analyzed by the equations of Scatchard et al to obtain information on ionic interactions as shown by Leifler and Wigent and Fox and Leifler …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In a significant work, Fox and Leifer have recently demonstrated presence of binary, ternary, and higher order interactions in the mixtures of clathrate-forming TBAC with LiCl. 4…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Such a study, therefore, is expected to throw light on how the ionic interactions vary on the mixing of Gn + with the cations of varying capabilities of orienting the structure of water molecules around themselves. In a significant work, Fox and Leifer have recently demonstrated presence of binary, ternary, and higher order interactions in the mixtures of clathrate-forming TBAC with LiCl …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Mixing of K⁺, (nBu₄)N⁺, Mg²⁺, and Ca²⁺ with Guanidinium Cation in Water: Ionic Interactions from a Thermodynamic Study

Kumar

2001

J. Phys. Chem. B

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Ionic interactions have been determined from the experimental osmotic coefficients, densities, and sound speeds for the mixing of guanidinium cation (Gn+) with K+, tetra-n-butylammonium cation (nBu4)N+, Mg2+, and Ca2+ in aqueous solutions containing Cl- at several ionic strengths. As Mg2+ and Ca2+ are more hydrophilic than K+, and (nBu4)N+ is a strong hydrophobic cation, their mixing with another strong hydrophobic species, that is, Gn+, throws light on the importance of binary and ternary interactions involving two cations and one common anion. The excess free energy of mixing, Δm G E, volumes, Δm V E, and compressibility, Δm K E calculated from independent osmotic coefficient, density, and sound speed measurements indicate strong binary interactions as a result of mixing of K+−Gn+ and (nBu4)N+−Gn+ cation pairs. The mixing of Mg2+ with Gn+ and Ca2+ with Gn+ suggests the neutralization of opposing effects produced by the hydrophilic and hydrophobic cations. This situation, which is similar to that noted in an earlier study (Kumar, A. J. Phys. Chem. B 2000, 104, 9505) on the mixing of Na+ and Gn+, offers important information on the binary and ternary interactions present on the mixing of one hydrophilic or hydrophobic cation with another hydrophobic cationic species.

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Isopiestic Osmotic Coefficients of Tetra-n-methylammonium Chloride with Guanidinium Salts at 298.15 K

Kumar

2007

J Solution Chem

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Thermodynamic Studies of Ternary Systems: I. LiCl−(n-Bu)₄NCl−H₂O at 25 °C

Cited by 7 publications

References 18 publications

Ionic Interactions in Aqueous Mixtures of NaCl with Guanidinium Chloride: Osmotic Coefficients, Densities, Speeds of Sound, Surface Tensions, Viscosities, and the Derived Properties

Ionic Interactions in Aqueous Mixtures of NaCl with Guanidinium Chloride: Osmotic Coefficients, Densities, Speeds of Sound, Surface Tensions, Viscosities, and the Derived Properties

The Mixing of K⁺, (nBu₄)N⁺, Mg²⁺, and Ca²⁺ with Guanidinium Cation in Water: Ionic Interactions from a Thermodynamic Study

Isopiestic Osmotic Coefficients of Tetra-n-methylammonium Chloride with Guanidinium Salts at 298.15 K

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Thermodynamic Studies of Ternary Systems: I. LiCl−(n-Bu)4NCl−H2O at 25 °C

Cited by 7 publications

References 18 publications

Ionic Interactions in Aqueous Mixtures of NaCl with Guanidinium Chloride: Osmotic Coefficients, Densities, Speeds of Sound, Surface Tensions, Viscosities, and the Derived Properties

Ionic Interactions in Aqueous Mixtures of NaCl with Guanidinium Chloride: Osmotic Coefficients, Densities, Speeds of Sound, Surface Tensions, Viscosities, and the Derived Properties

The Mixing of K+, (nBu4)N+, Mg2+, and Ca2+ with Guanidinium Cation in Water: Ionic Interactions from a Thermodynamic Study

Isopiestic Osmotic Coefficients of Tetra-n-methylammonium Chloride with Guanidinium Salts at 298.15 K

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Thermodynamic Studies of Ternary Systems: I. LiCl−(n-Bu)₄NCl−H₂O at 25 °C

The Mixing of K⁺, (nBu₄)N⁺, Mg²⁺, and Ca²⁺ with Guanidinium Cation in Water: Ionic Interactions from a Thermodynamic Study