Thermodynamic study of the Ag–Sb–Te system with an advanced EMF method

Aspiala, Markus; Taskinen, Pekka

doi:10.1016/j.jct.2015.08.025

Cited by 9 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…1h) and this shows a wide number of peaks as a result of the complex combination of elements within the solution. For example, depending on pH, Te has a number of oxidation stages [47,48] and can form complexes with other metals like bismuth, silver and/or copper [7,8,[49][50][51][52][53][54]. Based on the results from the CV investigations, the E 1 (deposition) potentials and E 2 (cut-off) potentials-outlined in Table 2were selected as the EDRR parameters in the multimetal PLS electrolyte.…”

Section: Determination Of the Edrr And Ew Parametersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Tellurium is a metalloid element [1], which is currently produced primarily as a by-product of copper electrorefining via anode slime treatment [2,3]. It is commonly used in solar panels [4][5][6], production of thermoelectric materials [6][7][8], semiconductors [9,10] and as an alloying element in metals like steel to improve the machinability [6,11]. Although tellurium is mainly produced as a side product of a base metal industry [2,3], the growth of large-scale renewable energy generation, particularly use of solar panels, has resulted in an increased demand for Te [12,13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Electrochemical recovery of tellurium from metallurgical industrial waste

et al. 2019

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The current study outlines the electrochemical recovery of tellurium from a metallurgical plant waste fraction, namely Doré slag. In the precious metals plant, tellurium is enriched to the TROF (Tilting, Rotating Oxy Fuel) furnace slag and is therefore considered to be a lost resource-although the slag itself still contains a recoverable amount of tellurium. To recover Te, the slag is first leached in aqua regia, to produce multimetal pregnant leach solution (PLS) with 421 ppm of Te and dominating dissolved elements Na, Ba, Bi, Cu, As, B, Fe and Pb (in the range of 1.4-6.4 g dm −3), as well as trace elements at the ppb to ppm scale. The exposure of slag to chloride-rich solution enables the formation of cuprous chloride complex and consequently, a decrease in the reduction potential of elemental copper. This allows improved selectivity in electrochemical recovery of Te. The results suggest that electrowinning (EW) is a preferred Te recovery method at concentrations above 300 ppm, whereas at lower concentrations EDRR is favoured. The purity of recovered tellurium is investigated with SEM-EDS (scanning electron microscope-energy dispersion spectroscopy). Based on the study, a new, combined two-stage electrochemical recovery process of tellurium from Doré slag PLS is proposed: EW followed by EDRR.

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Section: Determination Of the Edrr And Ew Parametersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrochemical recovery of tellurium from metallurgical industrial waste

et al. 2019

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“…Further investigations of the Ag-Sb-Te ternary system confirmed that the β phase is only stable in a limited temperature range (633 K < T < 847 K) and it decomposes into α (solid solution of Ag in Sb2Te3) and ε (solid solution of Sb in β-Ag2Te) phases below 633 K [11,12,20]. The decomposition process was additionally confirmed by temperature-dependent X-ray diffraction analysis [21] and electrochemical measurements [22]. The influence of thermal treatment on TE properties of the Ag1.0Sb1.0Te2.0 alloy is easily recognizable.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 78%

“…Interplanar distances are larger than the theoretical values for the cubic structure, particularly in the disordered domains (inset FFT in Figure 12c). An average chemical composition of particle II is Ag 22 It seems that the synthesis conditions prevent equilibration of the β phase and obtained materials consist of grains with deviated composition. The co-existence of the well-ordered and the disordered nanodomains together with the variation in the chemical composition have a strong influence on the formation of the particular nanostructure that is very favorable for phonon scattering and minimization of lattice thermal conductivity [9,36].…”

Section: Nanostructure Of the β Phase (Ag081sb119te219)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermal Stability and Tuning of Thermoelectric Properties of Ag1−xSb1+xTe2+x (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.4) Alloys

et al. 2018

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Introduction of nonstoichiometry to AgSbTe 2 -based materials is considered to be an effective way to tune thermoelectric properties similarly to extrinsic doping. To prove this postulate, a systematic physicochemical study of the Ag 1−x Sb 1+x Te 2+x alloys (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.4) was performed. In order to investigate the influence of the cooling rate after synthesis on phase composition and thermoelectric performance, slowly cooled and quenched Ag 1−x Sb 1+x Te 2+x alloys (x = 0; 0.1; 0.17; 0.19; 0.3; 0.4) were prepared. Single-phase material composed of the β phase (NaCl structure type) was obtained for the quenched x = 0.19 sample only. The other alloys must be regarded as multi-phase materials. The cooling rate affects the formation of the phases in the Ag-Sb-Te system and influences mainly electronic properties, carrier mobility and carrier concentration. The extremely low lattice thermal conductivity is an effect of the mosaic nanostructure. The maximal value of the figure of merit ZT max = 1.2 is observed at 610 K for the slowly cooled multi-phase sample Ag 0.9 Sb 1.1 Te 2.1 . Thermoelectric properties are repeatedly reproducible up to 490 K.

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“…38,39 Further investigations of the Ag-Sb-Te ternary system confirmed that this phase is only stable in a limited temperature range (633 K < T < 847 K) and it decomposes into solid solutions based on starting Sb 2 Te 3 and IT-Ag 2 Te compounds below 633 K. [41][42][43] The decomposition process was additionally confirmed by temperature-dependent X-ray diffraction analysis, 44 and electrochemical measurements. 45 The homogeneity range of the Ag 1−x Sb 1 + x Te 2 + x phase varies with temperature from 35 to 45 mol% Sb 2 Te 3 .…”

Section: Boundary Quasi-binary Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phase Equilibria in the Ag2Te-PbTe-Sb2Te3 System and Thermodynamic Properties of the (2PbTe)1-x(AgSbTe2)x Solid Solutions

Машадиева

Mansimova

Бабанлы

et al. 2020

ACSi

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Phase equilibria in the Ag 2 Te-PbTe-Sb 2 Te 3 system were experimentally investigated by means of differential thermal analysis, powder X-ray diffraction techniques and electromotive force (EMF) measurement method. A liquidus surface projection of the system, 750 K and 300 K isothermal sections, as well as five vertical sections of the phase diagram, were constructed. The primary crystallization fields of phases and homogeneity range of phases were also determined. The character and temperature of the various nonvariant and monovariant equilibria were identified. The studied system is characterized by the formation of a wide continuous band of a high-temperature cubic structured solid solution (β-phase) between PbTe and Ag 1-x Sb 1 + x Te 2 + x intermediate phase. The partial molar thermodynamic functions of lead telluride in alloys and standard integral thermodynamic functions of the β-solid solutions along the 2PbTe-"AgSbTe 2 " section were calculated based on the EMF measurements results.

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Thermodynamic study of the Ag–Sb–Te system with an advanced EMF method

Cited by 9 publications

References 16 publications

Electrochemical recovery of tellurium from metallurgical industrial waste

Electrochemical recovery of tellurium from metallurgical industrial waste

Thermal Stability and Tuning of Thermoelectric Properties of Ag1−xSb1+xTe2+x (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.4) Alloys

Phase Equilibria in the Ag2Te-PbTe-Sb2Te3 System and Thermodynamic Properties of the (2PbTe)1-x(AgSbTe2)x Solid Solutions

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