Thermodynamics of Zirconium Deoxidation Equilibrium in Liquid Iron by EMF Measurements

Inoue, Ryo; Ariyama, Tatsuro; Suito, Hideaki

doi:10.2355/isijinternational.48.1175

Cited by 13 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…17) In this case, the zirconium concentration range studied is appreciably wider (2·10 -3 ÷ 0.65% Zr) (Fig. 2).…”

Section: Thermodynamic Considerationmentioning

confidence: 78%

“…2). This figure shows that the results of papers 7,17) are complementary. Figure 2 also demonstrates the data 15,16) given in the reference book, 1) which are close to the recommended values but the zirconium deoxidation abilities determined in these studies are somewhat lower than those in papers.…”

Section: Thermodynamic Considerationmentioning

confidence: 83%

“…Figure 2 also demonstrates the data 15,16) given in the reference book, 1) which are close to the recommended values but the zirconium deoxidation abilities determined in these studies are somewhat lower than those in papers. 7,17) The oxygen concentration in equilibrium with a given zirconium content can be calculated according to the equation . Since, as was shown above, the results 7,17) are mutually well-complementary, it is reasonable to process these experimental data together using Eq.…”

Section: Thermodynamic Considerationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…7,17) The oxygen concentration in equilibrium with a given zirconium content can be calculated according to the equation . Since, as was shown above, the results 7,17) are mutually well-complementary, it is reasonable to process these experimental data together using Eq. (3).…”

Section: Thermodynamic Considerationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Deoxidation Equilibrium of Zirconium in the Iron-Nickel Melts

Dashevskiy¹,

Александров²,

Kanevskiy³

et al. 2013

ISIJ Int.

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The oxygen solubility in the zirconium-containing iron-nickel melts has been experimentally studied at 1 873 K using the Fe-40% Ni alloy as an example. It was shown that zirconium considerably decreases the oxygen solubility in this melt. The equilibrium constant of interaction of zirconium and oxygen dissolved in the Fe-40% Ni melt (logK(1)(Fe-40%Ni) = -6.221), the Gibbs energy of this reaction ( = 223 078 J/mol), and the interaction parameters characterizing these solutions ( = -7.16; = -1.25; = 2.16) were determined. The equilibrium constants of interaction of zirconium and oxygen dissolved in the Fe-20% Ni and Fe-30% Ni melts, the Gibbs energy of this reaction, and the interaction parameters characterizing these solutions were calculated for 1 873 K. With an increase in the nickel content in melt the deoxidation ability of zirconium decreases. This is due to the fact that, when the nickel content in melt increases, the bond strengths of zirconium with the melt base ( = 4.59·10 -4 ; = 1.40·10 -10 ) rise to a considerably greater degree than the bond strengths of oxygen weaken ( = 0.0105; = 0.357).

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“…17) In this case, the zirconium concentration range studied is appreciably wider (2·10 -3 ÷ 0.65% Zr) (Fig. 2).…”

Section: Thermodynamic Considerationmentioning

confidence: 78%

Section: Thermodynamic Considerationmentioning

confidence: 83%

Section: Thermodynamic Considerationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Thermodynamic Considerationmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Deoxidation Equilibrium of Zirconium in the Iron-Nickel Melts

Dashevskiy¹,

Александров²,

Kanevskiy³

et al. 2013

ISIJ Int.

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“…On the other hand, it was possible to evaluate the oxygen content of ZrO2 inclusion particles by subtracting the equilibrium oxygen content, [sol.O]eq., which was calculated by the equilibrium constant K1 of Eq. (1) and the respective interaction parameters, 23) from the total oxygen content determined by inert gas fusion-infrared absorptiometry:…”

Section: Stability Of Zro2 Particlesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Applicability of Nonaqueous Electrolytes for Electrolytic Extraction of Inclusion Particles Containing Zr, Ti, and Ce

et al. 2013

Self Cite

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The estimation of fine inclusion particles is required in order to clarify its effect on the miniaturization of steel grain. In this study, the stability of ZrO2, Ti2O3, TiAl2O5, Ce2O3, and CeS particles during extraction was examined using acid, halogen-methanol, and nonaqueous electrolytes. ZrO2, Ti2O3, and TiAl2O5 particles hardly dissolved in 4%MS (4 v/v% methylsalicylate-1 w/v% tetramethylammonium chloride-methanol) and 10%AA (10 v/v% acetylacetones-1 w/v% tetramethylammonium chloride-methanol) electrolytes, while Ce2O3 and CeS particles did not dissolve in a 2%TEA-Ba (2 v/v% triethanolamine-1 w/v% tetramethylammonium chloride-methanol containing 0.16-0.24 w/v% Ba) electrolyte during potentiostatic extraction. The O content of the extracted ZrO2, Ti2O3, and Ce2O3 inclusion particles agreed approximately with the difference between analyzed total O content and calculated equilibrium O content of the metal, and the S content of the extracted CeS inclusion particles agreed with the analyzed total S content of the metal. The Ce content of the extracted inclusion particles was in agreement with that calculated using the results of two-dimensional measurements.

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Effect of Microadditives on Center Segregation and Mechanical Properties of High-Strength Low-Alloy Steels

Троцан

et al. 2016

Metallurgist

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One of the main tasks of steelmaking is to obtain the necessary thermodynamic conditions that ensure fi ne and homogeneous solidifi ed microstructure. The relatively economical solution is to feed microadditives into liquid steel. The metallurgical considerations and techniques on the feeding of microadditives are described in the present work. The effect of small addition of reactive fi ne particles and ultra-high melting point powders on the control of non-metallic inclusions, slab center segregation, and mechanical properties, especially the Z-direction properties, was investigated. The results showed that the microadditives had composite effects on microalloying and modifi cation of inclusions. The segregation of elements in the slab center of high strength steels was remarkably reduced. The mechanical property along the Z-direction of steel plates was greatly improved.Introduction. The morphology, dimension, composition, and distribution of inclusions in steels have a remarkable infl uence on mechanical properties and microstructure of steels [1, 2]. There has been much attention focused on inclusions in steels as an effective method for grain refi nement. Feeding powders or cored wires into liquid steel is commonly practiced for microalloying and refi ning high strength steels. This is a relatively effi cient method to reduce the sulfi de content and signifi cantly modify the performance of inclusions in steels.Thermochemical data indicate that Ti, and Zr, and rare earths (RE) are strong deoxidation elements and their oxides are stable in liquid steels [3][4][5]. Meanwhile, extensive studies reported that Ti-bearing inclusions are the effective nucleating cores for acicular ferrite when the inclusion size is appropriate [6][7][8]. Many investigations demonstrated that the addition of Zr in steels has positive effects, such as inhibiting the austenite grain growth, controlling the sulfi de shape, as well as improving the impact toughness [9]. Cerium is also considered to be an extremely effective nucleation element and can modify the shape of inclusions [10,11], leading to improvement of the mechanical properties as well as the corrosion resistance of steel plates [12].However, less attention has been paid to the effect of composite microadditives on the improvement of center segregation and mechanical properties. The present work aims to investigate the effect of microadditives of Zr-Ti carbides and nitrides on the center segregation, microstructure, and mechanical properties of high-strength low-alloy steels.Experiments. Two high-strength low-alloy (HSLA) steel plates, Steel A treated by using microadditive feeding and Steel B treated by using conventional Si-Ca feeding, were made in an industrial scale. The refi ning process of both steels is identical. The basic chemical composition of these two steels before feeding is listed in Table 1. The type, size, and amount of microadditives are listed in Table 2. The feeding temperature of microadditives was 1530-1535°C.

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Thermodynamics of Zirconium Deoxidation Equilibrium in Liquid Iron by EMF Measurements

Abstract: Fig. 1. Schematic illustration of plug type ZrO 2 -9mol%MgO (a)and tube type mullite (b) probes.

Cited by 13 publications

References 15 publications

Deoxidation Equilibrium of Zirconium in the Iron-Nickel Melts

Deoxidation Equilibrium of Zirconium in the Iron-Nickel Melts

Applicability of Nonaqueous Electrolytes for Electrolytic Extraction of Inclusion Particles Containing Zr, Ti, and Ce

Effect of Microadditives on Center Segregation and Mechanical Properties of High-Strength Low-Alloy Steels

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