Thermoelastic study of nanolayered structures using time-resolved X-ray diffraction at high repetition rate

Navirian, Hengameh Allaf; Schick, Daniel; Gaal, P.; Leitenberger, W.; Shayduk, Roman; Bargheer, Matias

doi:10.1063/1.4861873

Cited by 20 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…One application is to generate strain waves in order to study mechanical, thermo-elastic, opto-acoustic, magnetoacoustic and other properties of materials [1][2][3][4][5] . One application is to generate strain waves in order to study mechanical, thermo-elastic, opto-acoustic, magnetoacoustic and other properties of materials [1][2][3][4][5] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Azobenzene – functionalized polyelectrolyte nanolayers as ultrafast optoacoustic transducers

et al. 2016

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We introduce azobenzene-functionalized polyelectrolyte multilayers as efficient, inexpensive optoacoustic transducers for hyper-sound strain waves in the GHz range. By picosecond transient reflectivity measurements we study the creation of nanoscale strain waves, their reflection from interfaces, damping by scattering from nanoparticles and propagation in soft and hard adjacent materials like polymer layers, quartz and mica. The amplitude of the generated strain ε∼ 5 × 10(-4) is calibrated by ultrafast X-ray diffraction.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Azobenzene – functionalized polyelectrolyte nanolayers as ultrafast optoacoustic transducers

et al. 2016

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“…The photoacoustic properties of these materials are well understood. In particular, we studied nanoscale heat diffusion [21], thermoelastic effects [23] and coherent phonon dynamics [24][25][26][27][28] in SRO, STO and similar materials. We assign a characteristic wavevector | q | = 2π/Λ to the optically generated surface distortion with periodicity Λ. q || is directed in the plane of the sample and in the diffraction plane of the incident x-ray beam.…”

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confidence: 99%

Spatiotemporal Coherent Control of Thermal Excitations in Solids

et al. 2017

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X-ray reflectivity (XRR) measurements of femtosecond laser-induced transient gratings (TG) are applied to demonstrate the spatio-temporal coherent control of thermally induced surface deformations on ultrafast timescales. Using grazing incidence x-ray diffraction we unambiguously measure the amplitude of transient surface deformations with sub-Å resolution. Understanding the dynamics of femtosecond TG excitations in terms of superposition of acoustic and thermal gratings makes it possible to develop new ways of coherent control in x-ray diffraction experiments. Being the dominant source of TG signal, the long-living thermal grating with spatial period Λ can be canceled by a second, time-delayed TG excitation shifted by Λ/2. The ultimate speed limits of such an ultrafast x-ray shutter are inferred from the detailed analysis of thermal and acoustic dynamics in TG experiments. [5][6][7] or plasmonic [8,9] degrees of freedom. Strain-induced phenomena may be used to discover new material properties and develop new applications, for example the modification of optical and electronic properties in semiconductor nanostructures [10]. Surface acoustic waves (SAWs) are often employed as a source of lattice strain. They can be generated [11] and controlled [12] optically via the excitation of transient gratings (TGs) [13,14]. Recently, these TG-excitations heave been used to probe heat transport in suspended thin films [15] and magneto-elastic coupling in thin nickel films [16][17][18]. Optical excitation of a solid generates not only coherent sound waves but also incoherent thermal strain. Coherent excitations can be controlled in amplitude and phase by series of light pulses in time domain, which is labeled temporal coherent control [19]. The main fraction of the deposited optical energy is stored in incoherent excitations of the lattice, i.e., heat [20,21] which can consequently not be controlled by a temporal sequence of light pulses. This thermal lattice excitation often generates a background which makes is difficult to precisely observe the coherent acoustic signal in purely optical experiments.In this letter we demonstrate, for the first time, the coherent control of incoherent, thermal transient gratings. We apply spatio-temporal coherent control showing that the spatial part of coherent control adds a new degree of freedom to control the amplitude and the phase of a thermally deformed surface. This is clearly a new approach that introduces the concept of spatial coherent control to the dynamics of incoherent excitations on ultrafast time scales, a phenomenon impossible to achieve with temporal coherent control only. We also demonstrate the control of a transient thermal grating on a timescale faster than the oscillation of the simultaneously excited coherent acoustic modes. Our new quantitative method allows for decomposing the coherent and incoherent dynamics in the sample by measuring the amplitude of the surface excursion with sub-Å precision and ≈ 70 ps temporal resolution. The modification of x-ray diffracti...

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“…Yet there has not been a quantitative or semi-quantitative study to show the magnitudes of the mounting temperature and thermal deformation, not to mention the stress wave dynamics, by considering the realistic material properties of diamond at moderate and elevated temperatures. The thermal expansion dynamics are of general interest and have been studied by using pump-probe highenergy-resolution X-ray diffraction Navirian et al, 2014). In the present paper, transient thermal stress wave and vibrational analyses as well as transient thermal analysis are carried out to address the potential thermal and mechanical issues in a thin diamond crystal under high-repetition-rate operation of an X-ray FEL.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transient thermal stress wave and vibrational analyses of a thin diamond crystal for X-ray free-electron lasers under high-repetition-rate operation

Wang

2018

J Synchrotron Radiat

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High-brightness X-ray free-electron lasers (FELs) are perceived as fourth-generation light sources providing unprecedented capabilities for frontier scientific researches in many fields. Thin crystals are important to generate coherent seeds in the self-seeding configuration, provide precise spectral measurements, and split X-ray FEL pulses, etc. In all of these applications a high-intensity X-ray FEL pulse impinges on the thin crystal and deposits a certain amount of heat load, potentially impairing the performance. In the present paper, transient thermal stress wave and vibrational analyses as well as transient thermal analysis are carried out to address the thermomechanical issues for thin diamond crystals, especially under high-repetition-rate operation of an X-ray FEL. The material properties at elevated temperatures are considered. It is shown that, for a typical FEL pulse depositing tens of microjoules energy over a spot of tens of micrometers in radius, the stress wave emission is completed on the tens of nanoseconds scale. The amount of kinetic energy converted from a FEL pulse can reach up to ∼10 nJ depending on the layer thickness. Natural frequencies of a diamond plate are also computed. The potential vibrational amplitude is estimated as a function of frequency. Due to the decreasing heat conductivity with increasing temperature, a runaway temperature rise is predicted for high repetition rates where the temperature rises abruptly after ratcheting up to a point of trivial heat damping rate relative to heat deposition rate.

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Thermoelastic study of nanolayered structures using time-resolved X-ray diffraction at high repetition rate

Cited by 20 publications

References 31 publications

Azobenzene – functionalized polyelectrolyte nanolayers as ultrafast optoacoustic transducers

Azobenzene – functionalized polyelectrolyte nanolayers as ultrafast optoacoustic transducers

Spatiotemporal Coherent Control of Thermal Excitations in Solids

Transient thermal stress wave and vibrational analyses of a thin diamond crystal for X-ray free-electron lasers under high-repetition-rate operation

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