Thermoelectric Generators for Automotive Waste Heat Recovery Systems Part I: Numerical Modeling and Baseline Model Analysis

Kumar, Sumeet; Heister, Stephen D.; Xu, Xianfan; Salvador, James R.; Meisner, G. P.

doi:10.1007/s11664-013-2471-9

Cited by 139 publications

(77 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Cook et al reported 20% conversion efficiency for a 3-stage TEG that utilized HH alloys in the high temperature stage [5]. These reported TEG efficiencies are already higher than those of state-of-the-art TEGs [11][12][13][14]. The power density output of HH alloy based TEG was reported to exceed 3 W/cm 2 [3].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Half-Heusler Alloys for Efficient Thermoelectric Power Conversion

Chen

Zeng

Tritt

et al. 2016

Journal of Elec Materi

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Half-Heusler (HH) phases (space group F43m, Cl b ) are increasingly gaining attention as promising thermoelectric materials in view of their thermal stability and environmental benignity as well as efficient power output. Until recently, the verifiable dimensionless figure of merit (ZT) of HH phases has remained moderate near 1, which limits the power conversion efficiency of these materials. We report herein ZT~1.3 in n-type (Hf,Zr)NiSn alloys near 850 K developed through elemental substitution and simultaneously embedment of nanoparticles in the HH matrix, obtained by annealing the samples close to their melting temperatures. Introduction of mass fluctuation and scattering centers play a key role in the high ZT measured, as shown by the reduction of thermal conductivity and increase of thermopower. Based on computation, the power conversion efficiency of a n-p couple module based on the new n-type (Hf,Zr,Ti)NiSn particles-in-matrix composite and recently reported high-ZT p-type HH phases is expected to reach 13%, comparable to that of state-of-the-art materials, but with the mentioned additional materials and environmental attributes. Since the high efficiency is obtained without tuning the microstructure of the HalfHeusler phases, it leaves room for further optimization.

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

Half-Heusler Alloys for Efficient Thermoelectric Power Conversion

Chen

Zeng

Tritt

et al. 2016

Journal of Elec Materi

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“…The integration of TEGs may also facilitate added functionality that would not be possible without their use: for instance, self-powered furnaces and co-generation systems [4][5][6][7] for use in remote regions, waste heat recovery from automobile exhausts [8,9], building-integrated power generation [10], and wearable electronics that may be powered indefinitely by harvesting body heat [11][12][13]. And a variety of other energy applications [14][15][16][17][18].…”

Section: Motivationmentioning

confidence: 99%

A temperature-variant method for performance modeling and economic analysis of thermoelectric generators: Linking material properties to real-world conditions

et al. 2017

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h i g h l i g h t sA numerical method predicts power and financial costs of a thermoelectric generator. Temperature-dependent, experimental materials properties and variable heat sources are used. Sensitivity analyses show improvements can be made by choosing higher temperature heat sources. Optimizing the choice of heat exchanger lowers cost. A higher figure of merit improves performance and lowers cost. t r a c tA new methodology for the systematic study of thermoelectric generator (TEG) design and economic analysis is presented, with the objective of assessing the performance and financial feasibility of smallscale TEG installations, for 4 leading candidate thermoelectric materials. Temperature of a steam trap pipe surface were measured at the University of California Davis Pilot Brewery, and device performance was modeled using the finite-element modeling software ANSYS. The model integrated temperaturedependent material properties from leading candidate thermoelectric materials and experimental time-variant temperature data. Calculated power outputs were utilized in a net present value (NPV) framework to assess the financial feasibility and economic implications of small scale TEG installations, as well as to address the aspects of TEG research, design and implementation which have potential for rapid and substantive improvement. This model, along with case study results, provides a powerful platform for analyzing the performance of real-world systems and can be used to predict where further technological development on TEG materials and devices would be most effective. It is found that a BiSbTe based TEG generated the highest power output at the measured temperatures and consequently resulted in the highest NPV at the end of 25 years. Sensitivity analysis of the NPV revealed a strong dependence on the heat-exchanger cost, highlighting the importance of efficient heat transfer design. The zT necessary for a 7-year payback period as a function of the capital cost and hot-side temperature was also calculated for a SiGe based TEG.

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“…The energy waste from the exhaust combustion can be one of the alternatives to heat up the catalytic converter temperature by having heat exchanger applications. Kumar et al, (2013) [22] investigate that the temperature of exhaust gases that flows from the internal combustion engine was from 300 o C to 900 o C which is depending on the engine load. The exhaust gas is one of the waste energy that is released and it would give benefits in rising up the catalytic temperature if the waste energy can be jointed to the catalytic converter which is also known as energy capture.…”

Section: Catalytic Converter Design and Stabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, it can be conclude that the application of TEG to the engine combustion can brings new alternative ways for recapturing waste thermal energy from the exhaust combustion gases. Kumar et al, (2013) [22] proved that TEG may recover the energy in the range of 64% from the exhaust combustion gas the enters the device and about 58.7% from the inlet energy is being moved to the coolant system due to operating temperature limitations of the TEG. Thus, the electrical generation produced from the process can be only 3% from the total exhaust gas energy.…”

Section: Figure 4 Hc and Co Emission Against Engine Combustion Tempementioning

confidence: 99%

Emission Treatment towards Cold Start and Back Pressure in Internal Combustion Engine against Performance of Catalytic Converter: A Review

et al. 2016

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Abstract. Nowadays, regulation for the vehicles emissions has becoming more stringent in order to reduce the effect of pollutant gases that was being released by the vehicles exhaust. The development of catalytic converter is to resolve the pollution emission aspect . There are lots of improvements done by the researchers towards improving catalytic converter, yet there are still key issues which give negative impact to the environment. One of the problems that are being concern by among of researchers is the cold-start and back pressure problems that usually occur in the composition of catalytic converter. Presented here is a review of cold-starts and back pressure problems together with several alternatives taken by not affecting the performance of vehicles engine and fuel consumption. The review also includes alternative system development and selection of materials to resolve these problems.

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Thermoelectric Generators for Automotive Waste Heat Recovery Systems Part I: Numerical Modeling and Baseline Model Analysis

Cited by 139 publications

References 32 publications

Half-Heusler Alloys for Efficient Thermoelectric Power Conversion

Half-Heusler Alloys for Efficient Thermoelectric Power Conversion

A temperature-variant method for performance modeling and economic analysis of thermoelectric generators: Linking material properties to real-world conditions

Emission Treatment towards Cold Start and Back Pressure in Internal Combustion Engine against Performance of Catalytic Converter: A Review

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