A new ternary telluride, Ba3ScTe5, with a pseudo one-dimensional structure, was synthesized at 1173 K by standard solid-state methods. A single-crystal X-ray diffraction study at 100(2) K shows the structure to be modulated. The structure of the subcell of Ba3ScTe5 crystallizes with two formula units in the hexagonal space group D 3 ,6h−P63/mcm with unit cell dimensions of a = b = 10.1190(5) Å and c = 6.8336(3) Å. The asymmetric unit of the subcell structure consists of four crystallographically independent sites: Ba1 (site symmetry: m2m), Sc1 (−3.m), Te1 (m2m), and Te2 (3.2). Its structure is made up of chains of 1 ,∞[ScTe3 3− ] that are separated by Ba 2+ cations. The Sc atoms are bonded to six Te1 atoms that form a slightly distorted octahedral geometry. The structure of subcell also contains linear infinite chains of Te2 with intermediate Te•••Te interactions. The superstructure of Ba3ScTe5 is incommensurate and was solved in the hexagonal superspace group P−6(00γ)0 with a = 10.1188(3) Å and c = 6.8332(3) Å and a modulation vector of q = 0.3718(2)c*. The arrangement and coordination geometries of atoms in the superstructure are very similar to those in the substructure. However, the main difference is that the infinite chains of Te in the superstructure are distorted owing to the formation of long-and short-bonded pairs of Te atoms. The presence of these chains with intermediate Te•••Te interactions makes the assignment of formal oxidation states arbitrary. The optical absorption study of a polycrystalline sample of Ba3ScTe5 that was synthesized by the stoichiometric reaction of elements at 1173 K reveals a direct bandgap of 1.1(2) eV. The temperature-dependent resistivity study of polycrystalline Ba3ScTe5 shows semiconducting behavior corroborating the optical studies while DFT calculations report a pseudo bandgap of 1.3 eV.