Thermolysis of waste plastics to liquid fuelA suitable method for plastic waste management and manufacture of value added products—A world prospective

Panda, Achyut K.; Singh, Ranjan K.; Mishra, Dhanada K.

doi:10.1016/j.rser.2009.07.005

Cited by 772 publications

(435 citation statements)

References 124 publications

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“…When established refining and petrochemical technologies are applied, these processes trigger endless recycling of the valuable hydrocarbons and render similar product qualities like virgin material. Tracking the history of the thermo-chemical conversion processes described above (depolymerisation or degradation) [1,14,18,24] clearly shows that the successful implementation and establishment of these technologies strongly depend on a specified feedstock available in specific quality and quantity. Furthermore, it is a well-established fact that POs, representing the major portion of plastics, are used worldwide and are highly suitable for feedstock recycling.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sink–float density separation of post-consumer plastics for feedstock recycling

Bauer

Lehner

Schwabl

et al. 2018

J Mater Cycles Waste Manag

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The paper focuses on current mechanical waste processing technologies and out-of-the-box processes linked to the processing of coal and mineral resources, to ensure high-quality feedstock recycling of polyolefin-rich post-consumer plastic fractions. Moreover, the study aims to provide the basis for the technical and economic feasibility of the chemical recycling route of this plastic fraction. When evaluating common mechanical processes, either dry or wet ones, sink-float separation in a cylindrical centrifugal force separator achieves the best results. It combines the advantages of a simple, robust apparatus of low complexity and high capacity with selective separation through the accelerated settling of particles in the centrifugal field. Furthermore, the disconnection of the separation medium feed from the solid input increases residence times. Based on the above findings, a pilot-scale plant was constructed which consists of a centrifugal force separator and a hydro jig for the pre-separation of heavy waste components. Several test campaigns were conducted to separate polyolefins from various waste fractions. Two-stage processing in the centrifugal force separator rendered almost 90 wt% of polyolefin content in the produced lightweight fraction and of polyolefin recovery. One-stage processing, on the other hand, resulted in reduced polyolefin content in the lightweight fraction.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sink–float density separation of post-consumer plastics for feedstock recycling

Bauer

Lehner

Schwabl

et al. 2018

J Mater Cycles Waste Manag

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show abstract

“…By 2014, global production of plastics increased to 311 million tonnes, representing a rapid increase of 38% (PlasticsEurope, 2015). Other drivers responsible for the steady growth of plastics are its user-friendly design, and low costs (Bashir, 2013;Panda, Singh, & Mishra, 2010;B. Singh & Sharma, 2007) and also higher pursuit of life (United Nations Environment Programme [UNEP], 2014).…”

Section: The Waste Plastic Situationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Since plastics are made from crude oil, there are high chances that these plastics can be turned back into diesel or petrol to power vehicles through a process called pyrolysis. Fuel oil, gas, wax and sometimes char are the products of pyrolysis (Chandrasekaran, Kunwar, Moser, Rajagopalan, & Sharma, 2015;Demirbas, 2004;Walter Kaminsky & Zorriqueta, 2007;Panda et al, 2010). The fraction of each product depends on the composition of plastics, type of reactor, temperature and heating rates (Bajus, 2011;Kluska, Klein, Kazimierski, & Kardas, 2014).…”

Section: Recent Scholarship On the Management Of Waste Plasticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mass Balance of Plastic Waste Conversion to Fuel Oil- A case in Uganda

Owusu¹,

Banadda²,

Kiggundu³

2017

JSD

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The current rate of plastic usage and the manner in which they are being disposed of is unsustainable. This is because more resources such as crude oil are utilized for their production and on the other hand, more waste plastics are generated. Since these waste plastics are made from crude oil, there is a high chance that they can be turned back into diesel that can be used to power irrigation pumps, drive engines for transport and industrial purposes among other potential uses. This paper sought to evaluate the pyrolysis of waste plastics to fuel oil potential of Uganda. The estimated waste plastics generated in Uganda was quantified as 545 851 kg/day. In this study, mass balance estimation indicated that the initial feed of 545 851 kg of waste plastics yields 451 419 kg liquid fuel using an appropriate technology for pyrolysis. The production potential of the gaseous and char fractions was calculated to be 50 764 and 43 668 kg in a day, respectively. This estimated amount has the potential to power approximately 234 small portable threshers of 5-7 horsepower. A total of 365 000 tonnes of fresh paddy can be threshed using these threshers. The gaseous fraction also has the potential to be used as a source of fuel for cooking. This is particularly important for postharvest handling and food security in Uganda as well as development of waste to energy technologies such as pyrolysis.

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“…Both fuel is produced through thermal degradation process with absence of oxygen which known as pyrolysis process. Experiment that conducted by Panda [4] concluded that pyrolysis can be performed with or without catalyst where the catalyst affect the yield rate of the liquid fuel. The temperature used in the process is between 350-500°C.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of Combustion Characteristics of Waste Plastic Disposal Fuel (WPDF) and Tire Derived Fuel (TDF)

Hamzah

Abdullah

Sudrajat

et al. 2015

AMM

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Abstract:The increase of industrial activities and motor vehicles globally causes rise demands in fossil fuel as energy sources. Since fossil fuel is non-renewable energy, many researches have been conducted to reduce the reliance to this fossil fuel. In conjunction, the number of waste plastic and tires around the world is increasing as a result of modern application and increasing number of motor vehicle. This type of waste is hard to decays and commonly dumped onto open landfills. Utilization of waste tires and plastics can produce alternative fuel that potentially can be used in diesel engine. In this paper, the combustion characteristics of two waste source fuels known as waste plastic disposal fuel (WPDF) and tire disposal fuel (TDF) are discussed. The combustion characteristics of both fuels are compared to diesel fuel. WPDF and TDF used in this experiment are pure concentrated and not blended with diesel fuel. The experiment is conducted using single cylinder YANMAR TF120M diesel engine. The engine is operated at constant load at 20 Nm and variable speed ranged from 1200 rpm to 2400 rpm. The combustion characteristics that discussed in this paper are ignition delay and peak pressure. Both characteristic are measured at two engine speed region which is low speed (1200 rpm) and high speed (2100 rpm). From the results obtained, it can be observed that WPDF has comparable ignition delay compared to diesel fuel while TDF has longest ignition delay compared to WPDF and diesel fuel. TDF also produce highest peak pressure compared to other tested fuels. Moreover, TDF is not suitable for high speed application since it cause backfire when engine speed reach 2200 rpm.

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Thermolysis of waste plastics to liquid fuelA suitable method for plastic waste management and manufacture of value added products—A world prospective

Cited by 772 publications

References 124 publications

Sink–float density separation of post-consumer plastics for feedstock recycling

Sink–float density separation of post-consumer plastics for feedstock recycling

Mass Balance of Plastic Waste Conversion to Fuel Oil- A case in Uganda

Analysis of Combustion Characteristics of Waste Plastic Disposal Fuel (WPDF) and Tire Derived Fuel (TDF)

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