Thermophysical Property Measurements of Liquid Gadolinium by Containerless Methods

Abstract

Thermophysical properties of liquid gadolinium were measured using non-contact diagnostic techniques with an electrostatic levitator. Over the 1585 K to 1920 K temperature range, the density can be expressed aswhere T m = 1585 K, yielding a volume expansion coefficient of 6.2 × 10 −5 K −1 . In addition, the surface tension data can be fitted as γ (T ) = 8.22 × 10 2 − 0.097(T − T m )(10 −3 N · m −1 ) over the 1613 K to 1803 K span and the viscosity as η(T ) = 1.7exp[1.4 × 10 4 /(RT )](10 −3 Pa · s) over the same temperature range.

The effect of rotation on resonant frequency of interfacial oscillation of a droplet using electrostatic levitator

“…Recently, there are a lot of studies with levitating technique under gravity environment on the ground. For example, it has become possible to measure thermo-physical properties of extreme high-temperature molten materials exceeding 3000 K with the electrostatic levitation technique [1][2][3]. On the measurement of physical properties, the axisymmetric oscillation is applied to a levitating drop, and the surface tension is calculated from the resonant frequency by the oscillating drop method derived by Rayleigh [4].…”

α-Mg primary phase formation and dendritic morphology transition in solidification of a Mg-Nd-Gd-Zn-Zr casting alloy

“…The molar volume V 0 is calculated at fluidity φ = 0 through the fluidity approach of Hildebrand [43], whereas V is calculated as the ratio between the atomic weight of the solute element (A r ) and its density at Mg m TT . The characteristic constant B is obtained by the equation ( from viscosity data[46,47]. Liquid diffusion coefficients are determined from equation(1).…”

Rotating disk atomization of Gd and Gd-Y for hydrogen liquefaction via magnetocaloric cooling

“…This shape of material would not pack into the ideal density due to its shape and would also limit gas flow through a packed bed [20]. Applying values for gadolinium [22] gives a spheroidization time of .25 microseconds.…”