Thermopile detector of light ellipticity

Lu, Feng; Lee, Jongwon; Jiang, Aiting; Jung, Seungyong; Belkin, Mikhail

doi:10.1038/ncomms12994

Cited by 18 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…Break-point analyses indicate a step change at Triassic to early Jurassic (~200 Ma ago, fig. S1), after which maximum values remain above 4 mmol/mol and 75th percentile values are mostly higher than 3 mmol/mol (6,13). The Devonian I/Ca excursion and the step change at~200 Ma ago are two key observations in this data compilation.…”

mentioning

confidence: 71%

“…Carbonate I/Ca is one of the proxies developed for the oxic-hypoxic window that has the potential to reconstruct secular trends in upper-ocean oxygenation (6,7). The long residence time of iodine (~300,000 years) leads to generally uniform total iodine concentrations in the modern ocean, but speciation changes of iodine between iodate (IO 3 -) and iodide (I -) are controlled locally (8,9).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…is the only chemical form of iodine incorporated into the carbonate structure (7) by replacing the CO . Carbonate I/Ca has been shown to be a reliable tracer that responds primarily to [O 2 ] variations in marine environments over a wide range of geological periods (6,(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Owing to the relatively slow oxidation kinetics of I -(18), surface waters may retain a low IO 3 signal despite high in situ [O 2 ]. For instance, coretop (modern) planktonic foraminiferal shells exhibit low I/Ca values (~0.5 mmol/mol) in waters above a shallow OMZ in the equatorial Pacific but record higher values (>3 mmol/mol) at other well-oxygenated locations (6).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Late inception of a resiliently oxygenated upper ocean

Ridgwell

Thomas

et al. 2018

Science

179

126

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Rising oceanic and atmospheric oxygen levels through time have been crucial to enhanced habitability of surface Earth environments. Few redox proxies can track secular variations in dissolved oxygen concentrations around threshold levels for metazoan survival in the upper ocean. We present an extensive compilation of iodine-to-calcium ratios (I/Ca) in marine carbonates. Our record supports a major rise in the partial pressure of oxygen in the atmosphere at ~400 million years (Ma) ago and reveals a step change in the oxygenation of the upper ocean to relatively sustainable near-modern conditions at ~200 Ma ago. An Earth system model demonstrates that a shift in organic matter remineralization to greater depths, which may have been due to increasing size and biomineralization of eukaryotic plankton, likely drove the I/Ca signals at ~200 Ma ago.

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mentioning

confidence: 71%

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confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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Late inception of a resiliently oxygenated upper ocean

Ridgwell

Thomas

et al. 2018

Science

179

126

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“…Optoelectronic devices that provide light responses and spectral measurements are promising components for use in a wide range of applications, including multifunctional sensing, colour imaging, high-bandwidth optical communications, and in situ characterization techniques [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14] . However, the current selection of optoelectronic detectors is used to measure only light intensities (power densities, p) [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spectrum projection with a bandgap-gradient perovskite cell for colour perception

Zhang

Riaud

et al. 2020

Light Sci Appl

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Optoelectronic devices for light or spectral signal detection are desired for use in a wide range of applications, including sensing, imaging, optical communications, and in situ characterization. However, existing photodetectors indicate only light intensities, whereas multiphotosensor spectrometers require at least a chip-level assembly and can generate redundant signals for applications that do not need detailed spectral information. Inspired by human visual and psychological light perceptions, the compression of spectral information into representative intensities and colours may simplify spectrum processing at the device level. Here, we propose a concept of spectrum projection using a bandgap-gradient semiconductor cell for intensity and colour perception. Bandgap-gradient perovskites, prepared by a halide-exchanging method via dipping in a solution, are developed as the photoactive layer of the cell. The fabricated cell produces two output signals: one shows linear responses to both photon energy and flux, while the other depends on only photon flux. Thus, by combining the two signals, the single device can project the monochromatic and broadband spectra into the total photon fluxes and average photon energies (i.e., intensities and hues), which are in good agreement with those obtained from a commercial photodetector and spectrometer. Under changing illumination in real time, the prepared device can instantaneously provide intensity and hue results. In addition, the flexibility and chemical/bio-sensing of the device via colour comparison are demonstrated. Therefore, this work shows a human visual-like method of spectrum projection and colour perception based on a single device, providing a paradigm for high-efficiency spectrum-processing applications.

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Micromachined Mechanical Resonant Sensors: From Materials, Structural Designs to Applications

Dinh,

Rais‐Zadeh,

Nguyen

et al. 2023

Adv Materials Technologies

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Driving a micro and nanomechanical structure to resonance and observing its resonant motion in the physical world have led to numerous fundamental discoveries in physics, sciences, chemistry, biology, and engineering, as well as device commercialization. Scaling down mechanical structures from micrometric to nanometric size has enabled the utilization of resonant motions to probe material properties and various dynamical phenomena in quantum coherence and squeezing. Recent advances in material sciences and nanofabrication resulted in successful demonstration of ultra‐high frequency operation (GHz range) and ultra‐high quality factor (10 billion) micromachined mechanical resonators (MMRs). The resonant motion of these structures has been utilized as an indispensable tool to weigh biological and chemical species at resolution of atomic mass unit, sense a force as small as zepto‐newton, and to detect numerous other physical parameters. Here, a systematic view on the resonant sensing transduction is provided, underlying physics, and sensing structures realized with micro/nano‐electromechanical systems (MEMS/NEMS) technologies. It is also describe the roles of nanomaterials and structures, nano‐fabrication and rational designs on the resonance frequency and quality factor of MMRs toward high‐performance sensing. This paper discusses the most recent advances in the development of MMRs for material characterization as well as biological, chemical, and physical sensing. Finally, the paper discusses the challenges and perspectives on design, fabrication, and developments of resonant sensors with high quality factor toward quantum sensing, and ultra‐high sensitivity and resolution for classical sensing applications.

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Thermopile detector of light ellipticity

Cited by 18 publications

References 44 publications

Late inception of a resiliently oxygenated upper ocean

Late inception of a resiliently oxygenated upper ocean

Spectrum projection with a bandgap-gradient perovskite cell for colour perception

Micromachined Mechanical Resonant Sensors: From Materials, Structural Designs to Applications

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