“…In this regard, metal oxide semiconductor (MOS) based gas sensors, such as SnO 2 [3], ZnO [4], TiO 2 [5], WO 3 [6] and In 2 O 3 [7] have been extensively studied because of their great potential applications in toxic and flammable gas detection. As a gas sensing material, ZnO possesses some unique advantages: a bandgap of 3.37 eV, large exciton binding energy of 60 meV, resistivity control over the range 10 −3 ∼10 5 Ω·cm, high transparency in the visible range, excellent chemical and thermal stability under the operating condition, thus ZnO has been widely applied in the field of gas/chemical sensors [8][9], optoelectronics [10], laser diodes [11], piezotronics [12], and field emission devices [13].…”