Thidiazuron-induced high-frequency direct shoot organogenesis of Cannabis sativa L.

Abstract

Induction of high-frequency shoot regeneration using nodal segments containing axillary buds from a 1-yrold mother plants of Cannabis sativa was achieved on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium containing 0.05-5.0 μM thidiazuron. The quality and quantity of regenerants were better with thidiazuron (0.5 μM thidiazuron) than with benzyladenine or kinetin. Adding 7.0 μM of gibberellic acid into a medium containing 0.5 μM thidiazuron slightly increased shoot growth. Elongated shoots when transferred to half-strength MS medium supplemented with 500 mg l −1 activated charcoal and 2.5 μM indole-3-butyric acid resulted in 95% rooting. The rooted plants were successfully acclimatized in soil. Following acclimatization, growth performance of 4-mo-old in vitro propagated plants was compared with ex vitro vegetatively grown plants of the same age. The photosynthesis and transpiration characteristics were studied under different light levels (0, 500, 1,000, 1,500, or 2,000 μmol m −2 s −1 ). An increase in photosynthesis was observed with increase in the light intensity up to 1,500 μmol m −2 s −1 and then decreased subsequently at higher light levels in both types of plants. However, the increase was more pronounced at lower light intensities below 500 μmol m −2 s −1 . Stomatal conductance and transpiration increased with light intensity up to highest level (2000 μmol m −2 s −1 ) tested. Intercellular CO 2 concentration (C i ) and the ratio of intercellular CO 2 concentration to ambient CO 2 (C i /C a ) decreased with the increase in light intensity in both in vitro as well as ex vitro raised plants. The results show that in vitro propagated and hardened plants were functionally comparable to ex vitro plants of same age in terms of gas and water vapor exchange characteristics, within the limits of this study.

TDZ-Induced High Frequency Plant Regeneration through Direct Shoot Organogenesis in <i>Stevia rebaudiana</i> Bertoni: An Important Medicinal Plant and a Natural Sweetener

“…propagated plants of same age has also been reported by Lata et al [17], and Bag et al [30] in Cannabis sativa and Dendrocalamus hamiltonii, respectively.…”

“…Thidiazuron (TDZ: Nphenyl-N-[1,2,3-thidiazol-5-yl)urea]), a non purine cytokinin compound, has been shown to exhibit a stronger effect than N 6 -benzyladenine (BA) on in vitro morphogenesis of a large number of plants [13][14][15][16][17]. In the present study, we report an efficient high frequency in vitro regeneration protocol using TDZ.…”

Temperature response of photosynthesis in different drug and fiber varieties of Cannabis sativa L.

“…However, due to its high demand and the complexity of the synthetic process, extraction of natural THC from Cannabis plant can be a viable inexpensive alternative for production of bulk active drug. Finding a quality starting material for natural THC however, has always been a key issue and efforts have been directed toward screening and mass propagation of this species using conventional and biotechnological tools (Chandra et al 2009(Chandra et al , 2010Lata et al 2009aLata et al ,b, 2010a. The demand of any plant based biologically active compound can be met by increasing its cultivation area or, a better option would be to screen for high yielding clones and to grow them under the most suitable climatic conditions.…”

Genotypic and exogenous factors affecting linseed ovary culture

“…One of the most important factors for morphogenesis induction in ovary culture is a properly chosen combination of growth regulators (Chand, Sahrawat, 2007). A significant effect of the thidiazuron (TZD) on organogenesis was reported for many plants, such as Cannabis sativa L. (Lata et al, 2009), Rubus fruticosus L. (Vujović et al, 2010), Cymbidium giganteum Wall. ex Lindl.…”