Thidiazuron Induced In Vitro Plant Regeneration, Phenolic Contents, Antioxidant Potential, GC-MS Profiles and Nuclear Genome Stability of Plectranthus amboinicus (Lour.) Spreng

Abstract

Plectranthus amboinicus (Lour.) Spreng is a perennial plant from the mint family with aromatic, succulent leaves and several health benefits. Multiple shoot regeneration was accomplished in vitro using nodal segments (NS) explants of P. amboinicus pretreated with 0, 0.5, 5, 25, 50, and 100 μM thidiazuron (TDZ) for 4 h, then transferred to a growth regulator-free media. After 8 weeks of growth, NS explants pre-treated with 25 μM TDZ for 4 h and then transferred to TDZ-free Murashige and Skoog (MS) media produced the greatest number of shoots (27.3 per NS) with the longest average shoot length (4.9 mm) in 97.2% of cultures. On the same medium, regeneration of roots in most of the P. amboinicus shoots occurred spontaneously. The in vitro-regenerated P. amboinicus plantlets were adequately hardened off and adapted to the ex-vitro environment with a 90% survival rate. Total phenolic, tannin, and flavonoid contents, as well as 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical-scavenging/antioxidant activity, were significantly higher in in vitro-regenerated plants than in ex vitro-plants. Flow cytometry (FCM) analysis validated the nuclear genome stability of the in vitro generated plants, which assessed their nuclear DNA content and found it to be comparable in genome size to that of the field-grown plants. The study found a quick and efficient method for in vitro multiplication of P. amboinicus which can aid to increased availability and accessibility of this plant species for various purposes. The genetic and phytochemical analysis of the in vitro propagated plants can also provide valuable insight into the plant’s properties and potential applications, which can further assist in its preservation and sustainable usage.

Synthesis and Accumulation of Phytocompounds in Field-, Tissue-Culture Grown (Stress) Root Tissues and Simultaneous Defense Response Activity in Glycyrrhiza glabra L.

“…[12]. Moreover, this technique also provides impactful insights into the role of various in vitro factors on growth and development by detecting changes in peak area % in metabolite profiles of regenerants and their wild relatives [37]. In this investigation, the obtained chromatographic results showed the presence of more than 35 important bioactive compounds in each tested samples.…”

Chemical Composition Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Activities of Myrtus communis L. Leaf Extract: Forecasting ADMET Profiling and Anti-Inflammatory Targets Using Molecular Docking Tools

“…Our content was higher when compared to that obtained with MMEx from Turkey, which had TPC and TFC values of 190.85 ± 0.73 mg GAE/g and 43.97 ± 2.07 mg QE/g, respectively [ 44 ]. Tannins are secondary antioxidants that have the capacity to bind metal ions like Fe 2+ , interfere with one of the stages in the Fenton reaction, and slow down the oxidation process in addition to their anti-inflammatory, antitumor, and antimicrobial properties [ 47 ].…”

Direct Regeneration and Morpho-Histological Study of de novo Shoot Development from Leaf Explants of Rhododendron mucronulatum Turcz.

“…In this regard, there has recently been a tendency to use PGRs for enhancing secondary metabolism and increasing biomass production in tissue culture of medicinal plants. Among PGRs tested, TDZ was one of the most powerful elicitors for accumulation of bioactive secondary metabolites in a broad range of medicinal plants including Tecoma Stans [26], Linum usitatissimum [25], and Plectranthus amboinicus [27] as well as R. mucronulatum [28]. Therefore, TDZ-induced regeneration protocols from leaf explants may be a start platform for research into secondary metabolism physiology in R. mucronulatum.…”