Thigh adipose tissue distribution is associated with insulin resistance in obesity and in type 2 diabetes mellitus

Bh, Goodpaster; Fl, Thaete; De, Kelley

doi:10.1093/ajcn/71.4.885

Cited by 607 publications

(553 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…This could have lead to a systematic bias resulting in a lower estimate of muscle change when compared to CT. Previous investigations found that subfascial fat is more metabolically active than subcutaneous fat (Goodpaster et al, 2000b) and may be significantly affected by interventions such as exercise or weight loss (Goodpaster et al, 2000a). Finally, this difference could also be due to the ROI used.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Can dual energy X-ray absorptiometry provide a valid assessment of changes in thigh muscle mass with strength training in older adults?

et al. 2007

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Objective: To determine how dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) compares to computed tomography (CT) for measuring changes in total thigh skeletal muscle (SM) mass with strength training (ST) in older adults. Subjects: Fifty previously sedentary, relatively healthy older men (n ¼ 23, 60 (s.d. ¼ 7.5) years) and women (n ¼ 27, 60 (s.d. ¼ 9.3) years). Results: Results indicate that there was a significant increase in thigh SM mass with ST measured by both CT (3.970.4%) and DXA (2.970.6%) methods (both Po0.001), and there was not a significant difference in percent change between the two methods, although there was a substantial absolute difference (B2 kg) at baseline between the two methods. Although BlandAltman plots indicate overall agreement between the percent thigh SM mass changes of DXA vs CT methods, the 3.4% error associated with DXA was greater than the thigh SM mass change from DXA. However, the CT measured change in thigh SM mass was greater than its error (0.6%). Conclusions: DXA overestimates baseline and after ST thigh SM mass, and may not be able to detect small changes in thigh SM mass with ST due to its higher error. Although DXA has certain advantages that warrant is used in epidemiologic and intervention studies, improvements to DXA are needed for the accurate assessment of small changes in thigh SM mass.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Can dual energy X-ray absorptiometry provide a valid assessment of changes in thigh muscle mass with strength training in older adults?

et al. 2007

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“…27 IMF is a better predictor of insulin resistance in nondisabled, obese diabetics and nondiabetics compared to subcutaneous and subfascial fat. 12 Moreover, IMF explains 70% of glucose intolerance after chronic SCI. 4 The mechanism relating IMF and insulin resistance is not clear; however, the release of intracellular fatty acid intermediates (eg, diacylglycerol, ceramide, long-chain acyl-CoA) from IMF could impair insulin signaling.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…10 It has recently been determined that in complete SCI IMF accounts for a 70% reduction in glucose tolerance. 4 Goodpaster et al 12 showed also that IMF is negatively correlated with insulin sensitivity in obese and non-obese subjects with and without type II diabetes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…4 Failure to correct for IMF could result in underestimation of muscle atrophy by B12% in SCI individuals. 4 Owing to the fact that thigh muscle is relatively large and has been linked to metabolic disorders 12,16,17 and skeletal muscle atrophy has been associated with increased IMF accumulation, 4,9 accurate quantification of muscle size and IMF a few weeks after incomplete SCI is of particular interest. In addition, early quantification of muscle atrophy reflects the importance of early interventions to defend muscle size.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Skeletal muscle atrophy and increased intramuscular fat after incomplete spinal cord injury

2006

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“…Intramuscular adipose tissue—here defined as clusters of adipocytes interspersed between skeletal muscle fibres—is generally associated with systemic insulin resistance,18, 19 decreased muscle strength20 and, in older adults, impaired mobility 21, 22, 2324.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Uncoupling protein 1 expression in adipocytes derived from skeletal muscle fibro/adipogenic progenitors is under genetic and hormonal control

Gorski

Mathes

Krützfeldt

2018

J cachexia sarcopenia muscle

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BackgroundIntramuscular fatty infiltration is generally associated with the accumulation of white adipocytes in skeletal muscle and unfavourable metabolic outcomes. It is, however, still unclear whether intramuscular adipocytes could also acquire a brown‐like phenotype. Here, we detected intramuscular expression of brown adipocyte markers during fatty infiltration in an obesity‐resistant mouse strain and extensively compared the potential of two different stem cell populations residing in skeletal muscle to differentiate into brown‐like adipocytes.MethodsFatty infiltration was induced using intramuscular glycerol or cardiotoxin injection in the tibialis anterior muscles of young or aged 129S6/SvEvTac (Sv/129) mice or interleukin‐6 (IL‐6) knockout mice, and the expression of general and brown adipocyte markers was assessed after 4 weeks. Fibro/adipogenic progenitors (FAPs) and myogenic progenitors were prospectively isolated using fluorescence‐activated cell sorting from skeletal muscle of male and female C57Bl6/6J and Sv/129 mice, and monoclonal and polyclonal cultures were treated with brown adipogenic medium. Additionally, FAPs were differentiated with medium supplemented or not with triiodothyronine.ResultsAlthough skeletal muscle expression of uncoupling protein 1 (Ucp1) was barely detectable in uninjected tibialis anterior muscle, it was drastically induced following intramuscular adipogenesis in Sv/129 mice and further increased in response to beta 3‐adrenergic stimulation. Intramuscular Ucp1 expression did not depend on IL‐6 and was preserved in aged skeletal muscle. Myogenic progenitors did not form adipocytes neither in polyclonal nor monoclonal cultures. Fibro/adipogenic progenitors, on the other hand, readily differentiated into brown‐like, UCP1+ adipocytes. Uncoupling protein 1 expression in differentiated FAPs was regulated by genetic background, sex, and triiodothyronine treatment independently of adipogenic differentiation levels.ConclusionsIntramuscular adipogenesis is associated with increased Ucp1 expression in skeletal muscle from obesity‐resistant mice. Fibro/adipogenic progenitors provide a likely source for intramuscular adipocytes expressing UCP1 under control of both genetic and hormonal factors. Therefore, FAPs constitute a possible target for therapies aiming at the browning of intramuscular adipose tissue and the metabolic improvement of skeletal muscle affected by fatty infiltration.

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Thigh adipose tissue distribution is associated with insulin resistance in obesity and in type 2 diabetes mellitus

Abstract: SFAT and IMAT are markers of IR in obesity and DM although they are much smaller than SCAT, which does not predict IR. Muscle composition reflecting increased fat content is also associated with IR.

Cited by 607 publications

References 33 publications

Can dual energy X-ray absorptiometry provide a valid assessment of changes in thigh muscle mass with strength training in older adults?

Can dual energy X-ray absorptiometry provide a valid assessment of changes in thigh muscle mass with strength training in older adults?

Skeletal muscle atrophy and increased intramuscular fat after incomplete spinal cord injury

Uncoupling protein 1 expression in adipocytes derived from skeletal muscle fibro/adipogenic progenitors is under genetic and hormonal control

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