Thigh and Calf Girth Following Knee Injury and Surgery

Ross, Michael D.; Worrell, Teddy W.

doi:10.2519/jospt.1998.27.1.9

Cited by 48 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Studies have been conducted to investigate the reliability of a standard tape measure in evaluating girth. Ross and Worrell (1998) determined the intrasession and intersession reliability of thigh and calf girth measurements of 10 nonimpaired subjects finding intraclass correlation coefficients greater than 0.90 and small measurement errors. Labs et al (2000) reported high reliability coefficient measurements for studies done with a spring tape measure of 0.97 at the calf and 0.98 at the ankle of healthy subjects and low relative precision of 6.36% for the calf and 12.49% for the ankle.…”

Section: Research Instrumentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of flooring conditions on lower leg volume following prolonged standing

Zander¹,

King²,

Ezenwa³

2004

International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics

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Section: Research Instrumentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of flooring conditions on lower leg volume following prolonged standing

Zander¹,

King²,

Ezenwa³

2004

International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics

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“…Swelling in the lower limb can follow immobilization, 1 surgery, 6,11,17 or trauma such as an ankle sprain. 14,16,21 Assessment and reduction of swelling should be pursued vigorously, especially after trauma, 19 because fibrinous exudation and swelling of capillary endothelial cells can result in scar tissue formation that impedes rehabilitation.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

An Obturator Reduces Time for Volumetric Measurements of the Foot and Ankle

Boland

Adams

2004

J Orthop Sports Phys Ther

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“…There was a significant 1.8% decrease in thigh circumference, a 10% decrease in average quadriceps torque, and an 8.6% decrease in quadriceps cross-sectional area by MRI in the involved extremities compared with the uninvolved extremities. 197 Although thigh and calf girth measurement differences existed between the involved and noninvolved extremities prior to and after surgery, the bulk of the girth measurement differences existed prior to surgery for both groups. Strength deficits may persist for long periods, even with less severe injuries, such as partial tears of the medial collateral ligament (MCL).…”

Section: Cranial Cruciate Ligament Injurymentioning

confidence: 95%

Responses of Musculoskeletal Tissues to Disuse and Remobilization

Millis¹

2014

Canine Rehabilitation and Physical Therapy

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P atients afflicted with neurologic, orthopedic, metabolic, and other diseases frequently have reduced weight bearing and use of limbs. In addition, some conditions may be treated with splints, casts, or other coaptation devices, resulting in decreased limb use. The tissues most affected by disuse and immobilization are cartilage, joint capsule, muscle, ligament, tendon, and bone. Knowledge of how these tissues respond to disuse and immobilization, the types of deleterious tissue changes, and the time frame over which these changes occur, are important in understanding the need for physical rehabilitation. For example, stress deprivation of joints results in proliferation of connective tissue within the joint space, adhesions between synovial folds, adherence of connective tissue to cartilage surfaces, atrophy of cartilage, reduced proteoglycan (PG) content, ulceration at points of cartilage to cartilage contact, disorganization of cellular and fibrillar ligament alignment, reduced collagen mass, increased ligament compliance, weakened ligament insertion sites, reduced load-to-failure and energy-absorbing capacity of the bone-ligament-bone complex, and osteoporosis of the involved extremity. 1 Rehabilitation of patients with acute or chronic neurologic or orthopedic conditions involves the application of controlled challenges to tissues to improve strength, condition, and function. It is important to understand how to safely remobilize tissues after injury and a period of immobilization. Rehabilitation must sufficiently challenge tissues to enhance and positively influence their recovery and healing. However, if tissues are overchallenged, they may be damaged, ultimately delaying recovery or cause additional injury. There must be a balance between the simultaneous demands for protection against undue stress to facilitate healing, and the need for stress to attenuate atrophy of musculoskeletal tissues. 2 A review of these concepts forms the basis for a rational approach to developing rehabilitation programs. CartilageDisorders of articular cartilage and joints are some of the most common and debilitating diseases encountered in veterinary practice. Understanding the normal structure and function of articular cartilage is a prerequisite to understanding the pathologic processes. The mechanical properties of articular cartilage arise from the complex structure and interactions of its biochemical constituents. The viscoelastic properties of cartilage, primarily resulting from fluid flow through the solid matrix, explain deformational responses observed during loading. For example, cartilage that is loaded rapidly is stiffer than the same cartilage that is loaded slowly. Degenerative processes include the breakdown of normal constituents of cartilage, especially the collagen network and PGs, which affects the mechanics of fluid flow through cartilage. Factors contributing to such breakdown include direct trauma, obesity, immobilization, and excessive repetitive loading of the cartilage. Training activities, without tr...

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Thigh and Calf Girth Following Knee Injury and Surgery

Cited by 48 publications

References 11 publications

Influence of flooring conditions on lower leg volume following prolonged standing

Influence of flooring conditions on lower leg volume following prolonged standing

An Obturator Reduces Time for Volumetric Measurements of the Foot and Ankle

Responses of Musculoskeletal Tissues to Disuse and Remobilization

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