Thin film photoelectrodes for solar water splitting

He, Yumin; Hamann, Thomas W.; Wang, Dunwei

doi:10.1039/c8cs00868j

Cited by 250 publications

(158 citation statements)

References 148 publications

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“…The reason why many efforts have been taken to increase the efficiency of electrodes is that there are mainly three contributions to the observed photocurrent density ( J ph ), described by the equation below:

true J_{p h} = J_{a b s} \times η_{s e p} \times η_{c a t}

…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tailoring a Zinc Oxide Nanorod Surface by Adding an Earth‐Abundant Cocatalyst for Induced Sunlight Water Oxidation

et al. 2020

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Herein, a detailed investigation of the surface modification of a zinc oxide (ZnO) nanorod electrode with FeOOH nanoparticles dispersed in glycine was conducted to improve the water oxidation reaction assisted by sunlight. The results were systematically analysed in terms of the general parameters (light absorption, charge separation, and surface for catalysis) that govern the photocurrent density response of metal oxide as photoanode in a photoelectrochemical (PEC) cell. ZnO electrodes surface were modified with different concentration of FeOOH nanoparticles using the spin‐coating deposition method, and it was found that 6‐layer deposition of glycine‐FeOOH nanoparticles is the optimum condition. The glycine plays an important role decreasing the agglomeration of FeOOH nanoparticles over the ZnO electrode surface and increasing the overall performance. Comparing bare ZnO electrodes with the ones modified with glycine‐FeOOH nanoparticles an enhanced photocurrent density can be observed from 0.27 to 0.57 mA/cm2 at 1.23 VRHE under sunlight irradiation. The impedance spectroscopy data aid us to conclude that the higher photocurrent density is an effect associated with more efficient surface for chemical reaction instead of electronic improvement. Nevertheless, the charge separation efficiency remains low for this system. The present discovery shows that the combination of glycine‐FeOOH nanoparticle is suitable and environmentally‐friend cocatalyst to enhance the ZnO nanorod electrode activity for the oxygen evolution reaction assisted by sunlight irradiation.

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true J_{p h} = J_{a b s} \times η_{s e p} \times η_{c a t}

…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tailoring a Zinc Oxide Nanorod Surface by Adding an Earth‐Abundant Cocatalyst for Induced Sunlight Water Oxidation

et al. 2020

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“…Experimentally, these strategies involve some common methods such as loading a cocatalyst to improve surface charge transport, doping of foreign atoms into the regular crystal lattice of a semiconductor to introduce impurity energy levels that essentially change the bandgap and band energy, and nanotexturing the semiconductor to increase the surface area . A great number of comprehensive reviews on these topics, ranging from design and fabrication of materials to material characterizations and reactor design, have been produced over the last two decades . Despite being applicable to various groups of photoactive semiconductors, these synthetic, modification, and design strategies may impose different levels of effectiveness or sometimes even result in conflicting outcomes when the same photoactive semiconductor is employed in different systems: photocatalytic or photoelectrochemical systems.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Photocatalytic and Photoelectrochemical Systems: Similarities and Differences

et al. 2019

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Photocatalytic and photoelectrochemical processes are two key systems in harvesting sunlight for energy and environmental applications. As both systems are employing photoactive semiconductors as the major active component, strategies have been formulated to improve the properties of the semiconductors for better performances. However, requirements to yield excellent performances are different in these two distinctive systems. Although there are universal strategies applicable to improve the performance of photoactive semiconductors, similarities and differences exist when the semiconductors are to be used differently. Here, considerations on selected typical factors governing the performances in photocatalytic and photoelectrochemical systems, even though the same type of semiconductor is used, are provided. Understanding of the underlying mechanisms in relation to their photoactivities is of fundamental importance for rational design of high‐performing photoactive materials, which may serve as a general guideline for the fabrication of good photocatalysts or photoelectrodes toward sustainable solar fuel generation.

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“…Photoelectrochemical (PEC) cells based on illuminateds emiconductor liquid junctions have attracted considerable interest for water splitting in the last 50 years, since the pioneering work of Fujishima and Honda, [1][2][3][4] who demonstrated the feasibility of O 2 evolution at illuminated TiO 2 electrodes at potentials below the standard redox value. In this flourishing field, numerous reviews have been published on differenta spects, such as materials, [5][6][7][8] protection strategies, [9][10][11] and practical applications. [12,13] Reviews on oxide photoelectrodes (PEs) are among them,w hich focus on photocathodes, materials, and cocatalysts, [6,7,14,15] whereas this review intends to sort the most recent progress in oxide PEs by cell configurations, which are defined by charge-separationt ypes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Directly Photoexcited Oxides for Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting

2019

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PE/RE/CE potentiostatic cell with PE as aworking electrode, RE, and CE PE-DE PE externally connected to aDE PE-PE n-type PE externally connected to ap -typeP E PE :PE monolithic assembly of back-to-back connectedn -and p-PE DE 1 -(p-n) EXT -DE 2 externalp -n diodec onnected to ad ark cathode and anode DE 1 -[(p-n) m ] EXT -DE 2 externalb attery of m identical p-n diodes connectedt oadark cathodea nd anode DE 1 :(p-n):DE 2 immersed p-n diode with superposed wireless dark cathode andanode layers DE 1 -(p-n):PE immersed p-n diode with as uperposed liquid-junction PE and DE DE 1 :[(p-n)(p-n)"]-DE 2 immersed battery of two different p-n diodes DE 1 -(p-n):PE immersed p-n diode with as uperposed liquid-junction PE and aw ired DE DE1-(DSSC) EXT -PE externalD SSC connected to PE and CE [a] RE:reference electrode. CE:c ounter electrodeinapotentiostatic cell. DSSC:d ye-sensitized solar cell.[a] L. Pan, Dr.N .V lachopoulos,P rof. A. Hagfeldt

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Thin film photoelectrodes for solar water splitting

Abstract: This review provides a comprehensive overview of the fabrication, development and application of thin-film photoelectrodes.

Cited by 250 publications

References 148 publications

Tailoring a Zinc Oxide Nanorod Surface by Adding an Earth‐Abundant Cocatalyst for Induced Sunlight Water Oxidation

Tailoring a Zinc Oxide Nanorod Surface by Adding an Earth‐Abundant Cocatalyst for Induced Sunlight Water Oxidation

Photocatalytic and Photoelectrochemical Systems: Similarities and Differences

Directly Photoexcited Oxides for Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting

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