Thin–layer Chromatography

Poole, Colin F.; Poole, Salwa K.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-444-88492-3.50010-3

Cited by 19 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 128 publications

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“…An ion-exclusion column on the other hand, can separate all components mentioned above. The ionexclusion retention mechanism [19] is based on the exclusion of ionic species and thus separation is by acidic strength. Other retention mechanisms of ion-exclusion chromatography are based on molecular size and reversed-phase interaction (intermolecular forces, e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The degradation of aqueous phenol solutions by pulsed positive corona discharges

Hoeben

Veldhuizen

Rutgers

et al. 2000

Plasma Sources Sci. Technol.

129

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The Advanced Oxidation Process pulsed corona discharges have been utilized for the degradation of phenol in aqueous solution. The pulsed positive corona discharges are struck in the ambient gas phase over the solution. Experiments have been performed using both an air and argon atmosphere. Phenol conversion and the production of major oxidation products in the solution have been determined, using ion-exclusion chromatography with UV absorbance and conductivity detectors in series. The corona pulse energy has been measured from voltage and current waveforms using capacitive current correction. Oxidation products are polyhydroxybenzenes and carboxylic acids. Even though phenol conversion efficiencies by pulsed positive corona discharges in air and argon are similar, the degradation pathways are different.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The degradation of aqueous phenol solutions by pulsed positive corona discharges

Hoeben

Veldhuizen

Rutgers

et al. 2000

Plasma Sources Sci. Technol.

129

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“…Hydrodistillation (steam distillation) employs live steam blown continuously through an aqueous suspension of a powdered solid sample or alternatively steam generated by boiling water and the powdered sample together, for the isolation of semivolatile compounds and those of higher-mass that form low-boiling azeotropes with water [15,16,[31][32][33]. Hydrodistillation is the accepted pharmacopeial method for the isolation of essential oils from plant materials.…”

Section: Traditional Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sample preparation for planar chromatography

Poole

2023

J of Separation Science

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High‐performance thin‐layer chromatography has favorable properties for high‐throughput separations with a high matrix tolerance. Sample preparation, however, is sometimes required to control specific matrix interferences and to enhance the detectability of target compounds. Trends in contemporary applications have shifted from absorbance and fluorescence detection to methods employing bioassays and mass spectrometry. Traditional methods (shake‐flask, heat at reflux, Soxhlet, and hydrodistillation) are being challenged by automated instrumental approaches (ultrasound‐assisted and microwave‐assisted solvent extraction, pressurized liquid extraction, and supercritical fluid extraction) and the quick, easy cheap, efficient, rugged, and safe extraction method for faster and streamlined sample processing. Liquid‐liquid extraction remains the most widely used approach for sample clean‐up with increasing competition from solid‐phase extraction. On‐layer sample, clean‐up by planar solid‐phase extraction is increasingly used for complex samples and in combination with heart‐cut multimodal systems. The automated spray‐on sample applicator, the elution head interface, biological detection of target and non‐target compounds, and straightforward mass spectrometric detection are highlighted as the main factors directing current interest toward faster and simpler sample workflows, analysis of more complex samples, and the determination of minor contaminants requiring high concentration factors.

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“…Retention in liquid chromatography is a complex process, which depends on different physical and chemical factors. Among the chemical factors, the most important are the nature of the solute, the composition of the mobile phase and the nature of the stationary phase [1]. Many different models have been developed to account for these factors and thus characterize different chromatographic systems [2,3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%