Thin SnO₂ Nanowires with Uniform Diameter as Excellent Field Emitters: A Stability of More Than 2400 Minutes

Abstract

The stability of a field‐emission event, i.e., the stability of the emission current over a long period of time, against thermal effects, etc., is one of the key factors for its application in real devices. Although nanostructures have the advantages of high aspect ratios and faster device turn‐on times, the small masses and large surface areas make them vulnerable to both chemical and physical damages and they have a lower melting point compared to bulk materials of same compositions. SnO2, one of the most attractive oxide semiconductors, which has with a relatively low work function of 4.7 eV, has been a perspective candidate for field emitters. A highly stable field emitter based on thin and quasi‐aligned SnO2 nanowire ensembles with uniform diameter is shown. Field‐emission measurements of these SnO2 nanowire ensembles show low turn‐on and threshold voltages of 3.5 V μm−1 and 4.63 V μm−1, respectively, at an anode–sample distance of 200 μm and very long term scale stability of more than 2400 min, acquired at the electric field of 4.65 V μm−1. Such values are not only better than those of the recently developed SnO2 nanostructures with different morphologies and of randomly oriented SnO2 nanowire ensembles with a similar diameter distribution, but also comparable with the most widely studied field‐emission materials, such as carbon nanotubes and ZnO nanostructures. The potential for using these thin SnO2 nanowire ensembles with uniform diameter in field emitters is shown, with particular promise in those operated for long‐term real device applications.

Fabrication, characterization, cathodoluminescence, and field-emission properties of silica (SiO2) nanostructures

“…9(b). The β value is lower compared with the reported carbon nanotubes [30], ZnO nanowires [31], ZnS nanowires [32], SnO 2 nanowires [33], WO x nanowires [34,35], B nanowires [36,37], and LaB 6 nanowires [38], but is equivalent to the CdS nanostructure arrays [39] and Fe 2 O 3 columnar arrays [40]. Recently, Chiu et al [5] reported that there is no emission density from SiO 2 nanowires, but good FE properties from platinum coated SiO 2 nanowires.…”

Remarkably improved field emission of TiO2 nanotube arrays by annealing atmosphere engineering

“…One-dimensional (1D) metal oxide nanomaterials such as ZnO [1][2][3], SnO 2 [4,5], WO 3 [6], Fe 2 O 3 [7], and TiO 2 [8][9][10] have stimulated enormous attention for field emitters in the past decades due to their sharp tips, high aspect ratio, and superior antioxidation ability which can operate under unfavorable environment with relatively high oxygen partial pressure in their applications. Among various 1D metal oxide nanomaterials, TiO 2 nanotube arrays (TNAs) fabricated by anodization have attracted considerable attention for several reasons [11][12][13].…”

Magnetic field-assisted synthesis of wire-like Co3O4 nanostructures: Electrochemical and photocatalytic studies

“…In the past decades, one-dimensional (1D) transition metal oxide nanowires have constituted an important domain of the family of nanostructures, due to their unique structures, intriguing properties and potential applications, which differ from those of the corresponding bulk-state materials [1][2][3][4][5]. Tricobalt tetraoxide Co 3 O 4 , a p-type semiconductor, has attracted a growing interest owing to its wide range of application in catalytic reaction, lithiumion batteries, gas sensors, and supercapacitors [6][7][8].…”