Think globally, research locally: emerging opportunities for mycorrhizal research in South America

Bueno, C. Guillermo; Marín, César; Silva-Flores, Patricia; Aguilera, Paula; Godoy, Roberto

doi:10.1111/nph.14709

Cited by 23 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Future studies of AM fungi in Chile should employ metagenomic and bioinformatic methods to obtain a comprehensive view of AM fungal diversity in Chilean ecosystems (Bueno et al, 2017b). Furthermore, it is crucial to determine the relationships between soil chemical variables, mycorrhizal colonization, and plant diversity, to establish a broader view of ecosystem functioning.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors affecting arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi of Chilean temperate rainforests

Marín

Aguilera

Oehl

et al. 2017

J. Soil Sci. Plant Nutr.

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While arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi in Chile have been widely documented in agro-ecosystems, there is a knowledge gap regarding AM fungal diversity in Chilean temperate rainforests. AM fungal communities of these forests are affected by several factors: the mountain systems of Chile (Coastal Range or Andes Mountains), the mycorrhizal dominance of the forest (either ectomycorrhizal -EM-or AM), soil chemistry, and altitude. We tested the effects of mountain system, mycorrhizal dominance, soil chemistry, and altitude on AM fungal diversity. From 7,120 AM fungal spores recovered, we identified 14 species, that were found in 41 soil samples collected from 14 plots located in EM and AM forests of the Coastal Range and Andes Mountains of Southern Chile. Mountain system and mycorrhizal dominance affected AM fungal community composition, although neither fungal richness nor abundance were affected. Soil Olsen available P, Ca, Mg, and Na were the edaphic variables structuring AM fungal community composition. There was no relationship between altitude and AM fungal richness, however at high altitudes there was higher abundance. Finally, with this and other studies, a total of 59 AM fungal species, many of which were previously registered exclusively in agroecosystems, are registered on the Chilean AM fungal species list.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors affecting arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi of Chilean temperate rainforests

Marín

Aguilera

Oehl

et al. 2017

J. Soil Sci. Plant Nutr.

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“…In Southern Chile, various naturally and anthropogenically induced disturbances are responsible for temporal and permanent land-use changes that significantly impact local ecosystems (Godoy et al, 2009;Kitzberger et al, 2016;Marín et al, 2016;Bueno et al, 2017). Thus, the effects of disturbance can be expected to be highly severe even on highly pristine ecosystems.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Functional land-use change effects on soil fungal communities in Chilean temperate rainforests

Marín¹,

Godoy

Valenzuela

et al. 2017

J. Soil Sci. Plant Nutr.

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By reducing soil organic matter and litter input, land-use changes are predicted to decrease total soil fungal diversity, but at functional levels this have been poorly studied. It is expected, though, that increasing disturbance decreases saprotrophic and mycorrhizal fungi biodiversity. This study aimed to determine the effects of land-use changes on the phylogenetic and functional diversity of soil fungi in the Southern Andes. We assessed the fungal communities of Andosol topsoil at 1 cm and 10 cm soil depth. The soil samples were obtained from a gradient of anthropogenic disturbance; specifically, plots were located within pristine forest, overstory-managed, and clearcut conditions. We used a cultivation-independent molecular barcoding approach to assess fungal diversity and identify 1,173 OTUs from which 401 were assigned to a functional guild. While we found higher phylogenetic richness in clear-cut conditions, these soils had higher relative abundances of plant pathogen fungi and lower relative abundances of saprotrophic and ectomycorrhizal fungi compared to the other treatments. The opposite pattern was found in pristine forest. Thus, fungal species richness itself does not seem to reflect ecosystem health. Interestingly though, the lower phylogenetic diversity found in pristine forest was compensated by a higher diversity of fungi involved in nutrient cycling.

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“…A foray online can find environmental networks engaged in monitoring changes in lakes (Sier and Monteith, 2016), soil organic carbon (Smith et al, 2002), wind erosion (Webb et al, 2016), and agricultural ecosystems (Robertson et al, 2008) to name a few. There seems to be growing interest in new environmental networks as demonstrated by the recent launch of a mycorrhizal research network in South America (Bueno et al, 2017), and proposals for an ambitious but yet to be funded long-term ecological observatory network in India (Thaker et al, 2015).…”

Section: Contemporary Environmental Research Networkmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ideas and perspectives: Strengthening the biogeosciences in environmental research networks

et al. 2018

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Abstract. Long-term environmental research networks are one approach to advancing local, regional, and global environmental science and education. A remarkable number and wide variety of environmental research networks operate around the world today. These are diverse in funding, infrastructure, motivating questions, scientific strengths, and the sciences that birthed and maintain the networks. Some networks have individual sites that were selected because they had produced invaluable long-term data, while other networks have new sites selected to span ecological gradients. However, all long-term environmental networks share two challenges. Networks must keep pace with scientific advances and interact with both the scientific community and society at large. If networks fall short of successfully addressing these challenges, they risk becoming irrelevant. The objective of this paper is to assert that the biogeosciences offer environmental research networks a number of opportunities to expand scientific impact and public engagement. We explore some of these opportunities with four networks: the International Long-Term Ecological Research Network programs (ILTERs), critical zone observatories (CZOs), Earth and ecological observatory networks (EONs), and the FLUXNET program of eddy flux sites. While these networks were founded and expanded by interdisciplinary scientists, the preponderance of expertise and funding has gravitated activities of ILTERs and EONs toward ecology and biology, CZOs toward the Earth sciences and geology, and FLUXNET toward ecophysiology and micrometeorology. Our point is not to homogenize networks, nor to diminish disciplinary science. Rather, we argue that by more fully incorporating the integration of biology and geology in long-term environmental research networks, scientists can better leverage network assets, keep pace with the ever-changing science of the environment, and engage with larger scientific and public audiences.

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Think globally, research locally: emerging opportunities for mycorrhizal research in South America

Cited by 23 publications

References 19 publications

Factors affecting arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi of Chilean temperate rainforests

Factors affecting arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi of Chilean temperate rainforests

Functional land-use change effects on soil fungal communities in Chilean temperate rainforests

Ideas and perspectives: Strengthening the biogeosciences in environmental research networks

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