Thinking about United Nations targeted sanctions

Biersteker, Thomas J.; Tourinho, Marcos; Eckert, Sue E.

doi:10.1017/cbo9781316460290.002

Cited by 17 publications

(9 citation statements)

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“…The little research that exists on post-Cold War RO sanctions against members has focused on their relations to sanctions from other actors (e.g. Biersteker et al, 2016; Borzyskowski and Portela, 2018; Charron and Portela, 2015). However, the prospect that RO sanctions – through the contractual mechanism tied to membership – could be of a fundamentally different character than sanctions used by conventional senders has so far not been considered in depth.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regional sanctions and the struggle for democracy: Introduction to the special issue

Hellquist

Palestini

2020

International Political Science Review

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Regional organisations (ROs) around the world increasingly use sanctions against member states in situations of democratic crisis. This special issue unpacks the trend of RO sanctions in regions that are both democracy-dense (Europe and the Americas) and autocracy-dense (Africa, Southeast Asia, and the Middle East). We argue that regional sanctions cannot be taken at face value as instruments of democracy promotion. Instead, the politics of regional sanctions unveil controversies over the substance and limits of democracy, as well as over practical processes of regional interference in a sphere that is at the core of ‘domestic affairs’. In this introductory article, we situate the special issue at the crossroads of debates within comparative regionalism, sanctions, and democracy/autocracy promotion, and discuss how the membership premise crucially distinguishes RO measures from foreign policy and United Nations (UN) sanctions.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regional sanctions and the struggle for democracy: Introduction to the special issue

Hellquist

Palestini

2020

International Political Science Review

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“…Targeted sanctions typically comprise arms embargoes, individual financial sanctions, and travel bans. 54 Most sanctions have been applied in the context of political violence in Africa since 2000 (Central African Republic, Côte d'Ivoire, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Liberia, Libya, Mali, Sierra Leone, Somalia and Eritrea, South Sudan, and Sudan); there are also sanctions regimes targeting the Democratic People's Republic of Korea (DPRK), Iran (until 2016), and Al-Qaida, ISIL, and the Taliban. All entrepreneurial experts who I interviewed were working on sanctions in Africa.…”

Section: Ios Mobilising Independent Expertisementioning

confidence: 99%

Independent experts with political mandates: ‘Role distance’ in the production of political knowledge

Niederberger

2020

Eur. j. of int. secur.

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Some experts take on political mandates and simultaneously base their authority on a claim to independence: this balancing act enables international organisations (IOs) to incorporate ‘independent’ experts and generate ‘objective’ knowledge around their policies. However, how do these experts reconcile the contradictory roles of a mandated expert and an independent expert? I address this question by taking recourse to Goffman's sociology and two related concepts: sociological ambivalence refers to situations in which a person faces conflicting expectations. This conflict can be remedied through role distance, that is, behaviour that signals a degree of disaffection from the role one is currently performing while one simultaneously continues to perform that role. I conduct a case study of ‘independent’ experts hired by the UN Security Council to monitor sanctions, analysing how their position is sociologically ambivalent and how their knowledge practices are interlaced with performances of role distance. The findings have two implications for macro-phenomena: first, by keeping their contradictory role constellation functional, experts make it possible for IOs to mobilise ‘independent expertise’. Second, because experts perform role distance through the way they produce knowledge, role distance leaves traces in political knowledge.

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“…In the management of the nuclear developments, sanctions have been the central tool of the international community. They have been applied with the intention of signalling inappropriate behaviour and to strategically choke off the North Korean regime's access to necessary materials and therefore halt its weapons programme (Biersteker et al, 2016; UN Document S/RES/1718 October 2006; UN Document S/RES/1874 June 2009; UN Document S/RES/2087 January 2013; UN Document S/ RES/2094 March 2013; UN Document S/RES/2270 March 2016; UN Document S/RES/2321 November 2016; UN Document S/RES/2356 June 2017; UN Document S/RES/2371 August 2017; UN Document S/ RES/2375 September 2017; UN Document S/RES/2397 December 2017). In approving, applying and evaluating these sanctions, it is noted that they should not adversely affect the population of North Korea, but instead be targeted and smart to focus on the elites and the nuclear programme (Carish et al, 2017;Drezner, 2011).…”

Section: Where You Stand Depends On Where You Sit: What Kind Of Problmentioning

confidence: 99%

Introduction: China and North Korea: between development and security

Jones¹,

Teitt²

2020

China–North Korea Relations

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Thinking about United Nations targeted sanctions

Cited by 17 publications

References 0 publications

Regional sanctions and the struggle for democracy: Introduction to the special issue

Regional sanctions and the struggle for democracy: Introduction to the special issue

Independent experts with political mandates: ‘Role distance’ in the production of political knowledge

Introduction: China and North Korea: between development and security

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