Thiol‐ene Cross‐Linkable Hydrogels as Bioinks for Biofabrication

Stichler, Simone; Bertlein, Sarah; Teßmar, Jörg; Jüngst, Tomasz

doi:10.1002/masy.201600173

Cited by 15 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Another alternative bioink functionalization method utilizes click reactions, rather than free radical chain polymerization, to covalently crosslink gelatin polymers. [67,68] Click reactions are a set of synthesis reactions that are highly selective, thermodynamically favorable, and proceed under mild conditions. Thiol-ene click reactions in particular have gained interest for functionalizing biomaterials due to their ease of use and the availability of cysteine residues in peptide polymers.…”

Section: Click Chemistry and Other Functionalization Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[67] Click crosslinking utilizes a step growth process that creates hydrogels with similar elastic moduli to methacryloyl hydrogels, but produces more homogenous networks, which reduces stress concentrations and has been shown to improve extensibility and fracture toughness. [56,[67][68][69][70] Finally, there are also nonphotocrosslinking agents useful for bioinks. For example, tyrosinase has been used as an alternative to photoinitiator for catalyzing the crosslinking of collagen and gelatins for bioink reinforcement.…”

Section: Click Chemistry and Other Functionalization Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hydrogel Bioink Reinforcement for Additive Manufacturing: A Focused Review of Emerging Strategies

2019

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Bioprinting is an emerging approach for fabricating cell-laden 3D scaffolds via robotic deposition of cells and biomaterials into custom shapes and patterns to replicate complex tissue architectures. Bioprinting uses hydrogel solutions called bioinks as both cell carriers and structural components, requiring bioinks to be highly printable while providing a robust and cell-friendly microenvrionment. Unfortunately, conventional hydrogel bioinks have not been able to meet these requirements and are mechanically weak due to their heterogeneously crosslinked networks and lack of energy dissipation mechanisms. Advanced bioink designs using various methods of dissipating mechanical energy are aimed at developing next-generation cellularized 3D scaffolds to mimic anatomical size, tissue architecture, and tissue specific functions. These next-generation bioinks need to have high print fidelity and should provide a biocompatible microenvironment along with improved mechanical properties. To design these advanced bioink formulations, it is important to understand the structure-property-function relationships of the hydrogel network. By specifically leveraging biophysical and biochemical characteristics of hydrogel networks, high performance bioinks can be designed to control and direct cell functions. In this review article, the authors will critically evaluate current and emerging approaches in hydrogel design and bioink reinforcement techniques. This bottom-up perspective provides a materials-centric approach to bioink design for 3D bioprinting.

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Section: Click Chemistry and Other Functionalization Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Click Chemistry and Other Functionalization Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrogel Bioink Reinforcement for Additive Manufacturing: A Focused Review of Emerging Strategies

2019

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“…Furthermore, we have also demonstrated the suitability of thiol–ene clicked poly(glycidol) polymers for postfabrication curing of biofabricated hydrogel constructs. [6a,9]…”

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confidence: 99%

Thiol–Ene Clickable Gelatin: A Platform Bioink for Multiple 3D Biofabrication Technologies

et al. 2017

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Bioprinting can be defined as the art of combining materials and cells to fabricate designed, hierarchical 3D hybrid constructs. Suitable materials, so called bioinks, have to comply with challenging rheological processing demands and rapidly form a stable hydrogel postprinting in a cytocompatible manner. Gelatin is often adopted for this purpose, usually modified with (meth-)acryloyl functionalities for postfabrication curing by free radical photopolymerization, resulting in a hydrogel that is cross-linked via nondegradable polymer chains of uncontrolled length. The application of allylated gelatin (GelAGE) as a thiol-ene clickable bioink for distinct biofabrication applications is reported. Curing of this system occurs via dimerization and yields a network with flexible properties that offer a wider biofabrication window than (meth-)acryloyl chemistry, and without additional nondegradable components. An in-depth analysis of GelAGE synthesis is conducted, and standard UV-initiation is further compared with a recently described visible-light-initiator system for GelAGE hydrogel formation. It is demonstrated that GelAGE may serve as a platform bioink for several biofabrication technologies by fabricating constructs with high shape fidelity via lithography-based (digital light processing) 3D printing and extrusion-based 3D bioprinting, the latter supporting long-term viability postprinting of encapsulated chondrocytes.

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“…Many photochemical reactions are limited by oxygen attenuation of radicals; however, this issue can be addressed using thiolene photoactivated chemistries 46 . Allyl-functionalized and thiol-functionalized linear poly(glycidol) combined with a photoinitiator is rapidly crosslinked upon bioprinting in the presence of UV light 47 , yielding high bioprint fidelity to computer design 48 . For example, allylated gelatin constitutes a highly tuneable bioink that can be used for a variety of printing methods 49 .…”

Section: Bioink Development and Processingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biofabrication strategies for 3D in vitro models and regenerative medicine

et al. 2018

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Organs are complex systems composed of different cells, proteins and signalling molecules that are arranged in a highly ordered structure to orchestrate a myriad of functions in our body. Biofabrication strategies can be applied to engineer 3D tissue models in vitro by mimicking the structure and function of native tissue through the precise deposition and assembly of materials and cells. This approach allows the spatiotemporal control over cell-cell and cell-extracellular matrix communication and thus the recreation of tissue-like structures. In this Review, we examine biofabrication strategies for the construction of functional tissue replacements and organ models, focusing on the development of biomaterials, such as supramolecular and photosensitive materials, that can be processed using biofabrication techniques. We highlight bioprinted and bioassembled tissue models and survey biofabrication techniques for their potential to recreate complex tissue properties, such as shape, vasculature and specific functionalities. Finally, we discuss challenges, such as scalability and the foreign body response, and opportunities in the field and provide an outlook to the future of biofabrication in regenerative medicine.

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Thiol‐ene Cross‐Linkable Hydrogels as Bioinks for Biofabrication

Cited by 15 publications

References 31 publications

Hydrogel Bioink Reinforcement for Additive Manufacturing: A Focused Review of Emerging Strategies

Hydrogel Bioink Reinforcement for Additive Manufacturing: A Focused Review of Emerging Strategies

Thiol–Ene Clickable Gelatin: A Platform Bioink for Multiple 3D Biofabrication Technologies

Biofabrication strategies for 3D in vitro models and regenerative medicine

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