Thioozonide decomposition.  Sulfur and oxygen atom transfer.  Evidence for the formation of a carbonyl O-sulfide intermediate

Matturro, Michael G.; Reynolds, R. P.; Kastrup, Rodney V.; Pictroski, C. F.

doi:10.1021/ja00270a058

Cited by 35 publications

(18 citation statements)

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“…Other chemical degradation processes that have been identified are degradation of the metallic electrodes [26], degradation of the transparent electrode, usually indium tin oxide (ITO) [27], intermediate hole extraction layers (usually PEDOT-PSS) [28,29] or even the method chosen to synthesize the materials [30]. Finally, photodegradation of the organic materials has been observed [31][32][33][34][35]. Different chemical reactions in the presence of oxygen, resulting in conjugated bonds or even polymeric chain breaking, have been proposed as degradation mechanisms triggered by the incident light.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wavelength influence on the photodegradation of P3HT:PCBM organic solar cells

Corcoles

Abad

Padilla

et al. 2015

Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wavelength influence on the photodegradation of P3HT:PCBM organic solar cells

Corcoles

Abad

Padilla

et al. 2015

Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells

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“…Scheme 1 shows the possible two routes of the reaction that were proposed in the previous literatures. 10,40,52−54 The activated oxygens react with sp 2 bonds and generate sp 3 bonds with hydroxyl groups and carbonyl groups (Scheme 1a), 10,52 or they form ether first and detach the grafted hexyl groups (Scheme 1B). 40,53,54 The sp 2 → sp 3 transformation causes deformation of the crystal structure.…”

Section: ■ Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhanced Air Stability of Polymer Solar Cells with a Nanofibril-Based Photoactive Layer

Shin

Lee

et al. 2014

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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In spite of the rapid increase in the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of polymer solar cells (PSCs), the poor stability of the photoactive layer in air under sunlight is a critical problem blocking commercialization of PSCs. This study investigates the photo-oxidation behavior of a bulk-heterojunction (BHJ) photoactive film made of single-crystalline poly(3-hexlythiophene) (P3HT) nanofibrils and fullerene derivatives [phenyl-C61-butyric methyl ester (PCBM), indene-C 60 bisadduct (ICBA)]. Because the single-crystalline P3HT nanofibrils had tightly packed π-π stacking, the permeation of oxygen and water into the nanofibrils was significantly reduced. Chemical changes in P3HT were not apparent in the nanofibrils, and hence the air stability of the nanofibril-based BHJ film was considerably enhanced as compared with conventional BHJ films. The chemical changes were monitored by Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and UV-vis absorbance. Inverted PSCs made of the nanofibril-based BHJ layer also showed significantly enhanced air stability under sunlight. The nanofibril-based solar cell maintained more than 80% of its initial PCE after 30 days of continuous exposure to sunlight (AM 1.5G, 100 mW/cm(2)), whereas the PCE of the conventional BHJ solar cell decreased to 20% of its initial PCE under the same experimental conditions.

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“…As a consequence, the conductivity of P3HT increases with oxygen concentration. It is known that thiophenes undergo degradation at room temperature as shown in the following scheme . …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of voltage sweep direction on the performance evaluation of P3HT : PCBM solar cells

Kumar

Sharma

Singh

2012

Progress in Photovoltaics

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Investigations on the effect of direction of voltage sweeps, on the current density–voltage (J–V) characteristics in polymer bulk‐heterojunction solar cells, based on the blend of poly(3‐hexylthiophene) (P3HT) and phenyl [6,6] C61 butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM), are reported with time. On the freshly prepared device, the direction of the voltage sweep did not have any effect; however, as the device started degrading, the change in direction of the voltage sweep resulted into different characteristics. Analysis beyond complete degradation, when all the photovoltaic parameters reduced to zero, revealed some interesting results. The J–V characteristics, measured with voltage sweep from −ve to +ve voltage, both in the dark and under illumination, were observed to pass through the second quadrant. On the other hand, with the change in the direction of voltage sweep, viz. from +ve to −ve voltage, the characteristics both in the dark and under illumination passed through the fourth quadrant. These results have been explained on the basis of polarization of the degraded active layer due to applied external voltage. This is an important effect and is observed to depend on the applied voltages during performance evaluation and becomes more prominent with time. This effect puts a question mark on the correctness of the method for calculation of the parameters of a degraded device. Studies on degradation of P3HT : PCBM solar cells showed that both the short circuit current density (Jsc) and the power conversion efficiency (η) decay exponentially, whereas the open circuit voltage (Voc) decays almost linearly with time. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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Thioozonide decomposition. Sulfur and oxygen atom transfer. Evidence for the formation of a carbonyl O-sulfide intermediate

Cited by 35 publications

References 1 publication

Wavelength influence on the photodegradation of P3HT:PCBM organic solar cells

Wavelength influence on the photodegradation of P3HT:PCBM organic solar cells

Enhanced Air Stability of Polymer Solar Cells with a Nanofibril-Based Photoactive Layer

Effect of voltage sweep direction on the performance evaluation of P3HT : PCBM solar cells

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