Third Coin of Osman Ghazi Which Was Molded in Yenisehir in 700/1300-1301

Abstract

While the matter that the Ottomans had established an independent state or not, based on "coin (sikke)" and "hutbe", has been tried to be solved thanks to an undated coin belonging to Othman Ghazi published by İbrahim Artuk in 1980, the basic design of that coin and its unavailable sample has continued to arouse some suspicion on this subject. In the same time, another second coin belonging to Othman Ghazi, which is said to have been existing in the collection of illustrious numismatist Nicholas Lowick, but whose origin, other than its only one part legible, is not known, has been clarified thanks to its photos recently published by us; it is clear that this coin was minted in Söğüt, in 699/1300, in the same way as the Ilkhanate's ones, but differently from the other one, and that it contains very important evidences that may lighten some disputed subjects on the establishment of Ottomans. In this our last study that is such as to complete our findings related to these two coins, by introducing another third coin, in Doha Museum, in Katar, belonging to Othman Ghazi, which was published by a German numismatist, but not known to history scholars, it aims to try to explain the concluding phase of Othman Ghazi's allegiance and independence in the light of the third coin, the establishing era of Yenişehir mint, and to clarify some disputes about the independence focused on Ilkhanate's dominance; and to present new and important findings about the first coin of Othman Ghazi, in respect to the physical features of the last two coins.

Osmanlı Dönemi'nde Ardanuç Darphanesinde Basılan Nadir Sikke Örnekleri

“…İslami geleneğin doğrultusunda Osmanlılar da, hutbe okutmak ve sikke bastırmak devletin bağımsızlık nişanesi olarak görülmüştür. Kendinden önceki devletlerin sikke örneklerinden geliştirilen Osmanlı sikke geleneği, ilk olarak Osman Bey (1299-1324) zamanında basıldığı, günümüzde İstanbul Arkeoloji Müzesi'nde yer alan gümüş sikke örneği ve diğer buluntularla doğrulanmıştır (Yılmaz, 2019). Fatih Sultan Mehmed Han'a gelinceye kadar Osmanlı devletinde altın sikke darbı yapılmamıştır.…”

“…1558'de Ardanuç (Artanuci) Sancağı; Ardanuç, Tavusker (Olur-Çataksu köyü/mahallesi) ve Cahis (Bu yerleşimin güncel adı belirlenememiştir) olmak üzere üç nahiyeden oluşmaktadır ve 1574'de İşhan (Yusufeli ilçesine ait köy) nahiyesinin de eklendiği görülmektedir. Bu dönemde Ardanuç nahiye merkezi "Ribat-ı Ardanuç/ Tsihis Rabati" olarak kaydedilmiştir (Aydın, 1998;Şengelia, 2016;Sezen, 2017;Gümüş, 2000;Yılmaz, 2019). (Taşkın-Kaya, 2019;Bayram, 2005 ;Sezen, 2017).…”

Secret Evidences of the 14th Century Ottoman History: Archaeological And Architectural Heritage

“…Osman Gazi'ye ait sikke-sikkeler hususunda detaylı bilgi için bkz. (Artuk, 1980, s. 27-33; Paksoy, 2014, s. 443-456;Yılmaz, 2019, s. 81-120, Teoman, 2020. 11 Bahsedilen veriler, Aşıkpaşazâde, Neşrî ve Oruçbey tarihinde adı geçen küçük ve büyük ölçekli yerleşim yerlerinin yaklaşık değerleridir.…”