Thixotropic structural build-up of cement-based materials: A state-of-the-art review

Jiao, Dengwu; Schryver, Robin De; Shi, Caijun; Schutter, Geert De

doi:10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2021.104152

Cited by 126 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 108 publications

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“…In addition, there is not any work that discusses the pros and cons of each test method and the importance of the 3D printing process when selecting the test method. Furthermore, most of the previous review papers only compare either conventional methods (such as rheometers or slump) [26][27][28] or non-conventional methods separately [29]. Therefore, to address the above gaps, the authors introduce the in-hand review paper, which addresses all of the above aspects.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rheometry for Concrete 3D Printing: A Review and an Experimental Comparison

2022

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The rapid advancement of 3D concrete printing (3DCP) and the development of relevant cementitious material compositions can be seen in the last few decades. The commonly used 3DCP method is to build the structure layer by layer after extruding the material through a nozzle. Initially, the pumping and extrusion of the material should be done with considerable fluidity and workability. The extruded layers should retain their shape immediately after extruding and depositing. While constructing the structure in a layerwise manner, the bottom layers should have enough early age strength to support the layers at the top. Therefore, at different processes in 3DCP, the rheological requirement is contradictory. As the rheology of the material is the deterministic factor which decides the fluidity or workability of the mix, proper rheological characterization should be completed accurately. In some instances, due to the higher stiffness, and higher time and rate-dependent material behavior (thixotropic behavior) compared to the conventional concrete, standard rheology measurement techniques have many limitations when used for 3DCP material. Therefore, non-conventional and novel techniques can be implemented with suitable material models to characterize the rheology of 3DCP material. In this study, a comprehensive review was conducted on conventional and non-conventional methods used for characterizing the rheological parameters for 3DCP material. The previously conducted studies were highlighted with the targeted 3DCP processes in the study (if applicable), and rheological parameters achieved from the test (i.e., yield stress, viscosity, and thixotropy). In addition, some experimental studies were conducted to compare several selected testing methods. The rheological parameters achieved from different test methods were compared to identify the similarities, dissimilarities, pros, and cons between the test methods. Furthermore, the extrudability and buildability studies were conducted for the mixes to demonstrate the usage of the mixes in 3DCP applications and to correlate the achieved rheological parameters with these processes.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rheometry for Concrete 3D Printing: A Review and an Experimental Comparison

2022

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“…Similar phenomena were also observed in Yuan et al (2017), Ukrainczyk et al (2020), and Mostafa and Yahia (2016), but no detailed explanation was provided. The critical strain from the oscillatory strain-sweep test corresponds to the breakage of early hydration products between cement particles (Roussel et al 2012;Huang et al 2019;Jiao et al 2021a). Cementitious paste with lower solid volume fraction and higher free water generally has a higher dissolution rate of cement particles and thus a higher concentration of Ca 2þ ions (Hošková et al 2009;Liu et al 2017), resulting in more bridges of initial C-S-H and ettringite.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Active rheology control is a ground-breaking concept aiming at triggering the rheological properties and stiffness of fresh cement-based materials to meet the contradicting property requirements in different processes such as pumping and formwork casting Jiao et al 2021a). The active rheology control can be achieved by applying an external trigger signal (e.g., magnetic field) to cementitious materials containing responsive chemical polymers or mineral additives (Lesage and De Schutter 2020;Nair and Ferron 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Solid Volume Fraction on the Magnetorheological Response of Nano-Fe3O4 Incorporated Cementitious Paste

Jiao

Yardımcı

Schryver

et al. 2022

J. Mater. Civ. Eng.

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Magneto-induced rheology control is beneficial to overcome the opposing property requirements in different construction processes. The viscoelastic properties of paste medium have great effects on the movement and distribution of magnetic particles when applying an external magnetic field and thus the degree of the rheological response. In the present research, the effect of (total) solid volume fraction ϕ T on the magnetorheological (MR) response of nanoFe 3 O 4 incorporated cementitious paste, represented by the early structural build-up is experimentally investigated. Cementitious pastes with various solid volume fractions are achieved by changing the water-to-cement ratio (w=c) of the paste medium while the nanoFe 3 O 4 concentration remains unchanged. Results reveal that cementitious pastes with extremely low solid volume fractions acting as a dilute suspension show an insignificant increase in stiffness after applying an external magnetic field of 0.5 T, possibly due to the high surface to the surface separation distance between cement particles. Both the magnetic force between neighboring nanoparticles and the viscoelasticity of the suspension increase with increased solid volume fraction. At moderate solid volume fractions (e.g., 0.3 < ϕ T < 0.45), the formed magnetic clusters fill the voids between cement particles and thus increase the stiffness of the cementitious paste significantly. At relatively high solid volume fractions, despite the high magnetic force between nanoparticles, the dense particle packing limits the formation of magnetic clusters, and the MR response becomes indistinct. For the used cement and nano-Fe 3 O 4 particles, the suitable w=c of cementitious paste with pronounced MR response is in the range of 0.4-0.5.

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“…Further kinetic, phenomenological, and structural-based flow descriptions have been the subject of research both in complex fluid and concrete science. A literature review is beyond the scope of this paper, but can be found elsewhere (e.g., (Jiao et al 2021;Le-Cao et al 2020;Mewis und Wagner 2009a, 2009bRuckenstein und Mewis 1973;Souza Mendes 2011;Tattersall und Banfill 1983)).…”

Section: Transient and Discontinuous Modelingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Viscoelastoplastic classification of cementitious suspensions: transient and non-linear flow analysis in rotational and oscillatory shear flows

2022

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Rheological modeling of special concretes such as ultra-high performance concretes (UHPCs), self-compacting concretes (SCCs), or environmentally friendly concretes with low clinker contents but containing many fine particles increases model complexity because high amounts of colloidal and fine particles and complex chemistry result in strongly non-Newtonian rheological behavior. Straight-forward viscoplastic rheological models such as the well-known Bingham- or Herschel-Bulkley approach do not fit the flow behavior on a large scale at and lead to boundary value problems in numerical flow simulations. Increased viscoelastic properties due to chemical admixtures are not described by pure viscoplasticity analysis methods. To fill this gap, our research presents viscoplastic and viscoelastic linear and non-linear rheological characterization methods for common and strongly non-Newtonian cement pastes and combines the methods for a comprehensive viscoelastoplastic modeling of cementitious building materials. We illustrate and discuss the benefits and boundaries of each measurement technique in dependence of cementitious paste complexity. Three solid volume fractions from $$\phi$$ ϕ = 0.45 to 0.55 and three different flowability ranges, adjusted through varying superplasticizer amounts, were investigated in respect of steady-state and transient yield stress, viscosity, and non-linear viscoelastic material properties. Our results reveal that with increasing solid volume fraction and polymer amount, viscoelastoplastic modeling describes rheological flow on a large flow scale more appropriately than common viscoplastic methods. The results show a new approach for a full quantitative and qualitative rheological classification of cementitious building materials and thus improve the understanding of densely packed colloidal cementitious suspensions. The findings serve as prospective guideline to model complex cementitious building materials both at low and high shear rates, and to find an appropriate rheological description at the boundaries of flow. Graphical abstract

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Thixotropic structural build-up of cement-based materials: A state-of-the-art review

Cited by 126 publications

References 108 publications

Rheometry for Concrete 3D Printing: A Review and an Experimental Comparison

Rheometry for Concrete 3D Printing: A Review and an Experimental Comparison

Effect of Solid Volume Fraction on the Magnetorheological Response of Nano-Fe3O4 Incorporated Cementitious Paste

Viscoelastoplastic classification of cementitious suspensions: transient and non-linear flow analysis in rotational and oscillatory shear flows

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