Thorough extraction of lithium and rubidium from lepidolite via thermal activation and acid leaching

Liu, Yubo; Ma, Baozhong; Lv, Yingwei; Wang, Chengyan; Chen, Yongqiang

doi:10.1016/j.mineng.2022.107407

Cited by 16 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…Sufficient amount of CaO destroys the mineral structure at high temperatures over 1100°C [28][29]. The roasting reaction is shown in reaction (1). The calcine is leached to obtain the LiOH solution.…”

Section: Lime Roasting Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A review of lithium extraction from natural resources

Liu

Lü

et al. 2022

Int J Miner Metall Mater

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Lithium is considered to be the most important energy metal of the 21st century. Because of the development trend of global electrification, the consumption of lithium has increased significantly over the last decade, and it is foreseeable that its demand will continue to increase for a long time. Limited by the total amount of lithium on the market, lithium extraction from natural resources is still the first choice for the rapid development of emerging industries. This paper reviews the recent technological developments in the extraction of lithium from natural resources. Existing methods are summarized by the main resources, such as spodumene, lepidolite, and brine. The advantages and disadvantages of each method are compared. Finally, reasonable suggestions are proposed for the development of lithium extraction from natural resources based on the understanding of existing methods. This review provides a reference for the research, development, optimization, and industrial application of future processes.

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Section: Lime Roasting Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Lithium is the lightest natural metal element, with a density of only 0.534 g/cm 3 [1]. The chemical properties of lithium are active [2], and it is silvery white and soft enough to be cut with a knife [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A review of lithium extraction from natural resources

Liu

Lü

et al. 2022

Int J Miner Metall Mater

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“…9,10 The mechanism of leaching reaction of the above methods is that H + or OH − destroys the crystal structure of aluminosilicate to release the alkali metal elements in minerals. 11 However, mica minerals are not comprehensively utilized as resources in the leaching process, which leads to a large amount of solid waste and wastewater being produced. 12 As a kind of layered silicate mineral, the crystal structure of biotite is a three-layer type (TOT), which consists of two T layers with reactive oxygen species pointing opposite to each other, and an O layer between T layers.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Generally, the extraction of rare metals in mica is done by strong chemical reaction methods involving destruction of the structure of minerals, such as acid leaching, alkali leaching, and high-temperature roasting. , The mechanism of leaching reaction of the above methods is that H + or OH – destroys the crystal structure of aluminosilicate to release the alkali metal elements in minerals . However, mica minerals are not comprehensively utilized as resources in the leaching process, which leads to a large amount of solid waste and wastewater being produced .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficient Leaching of Rubidium from Biotite by Ion Exchange without Destroying the Lamellar Crystal Structure

Han,

Ran,

et al. 2023

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

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Both the rare metal in the mica and the mica minerals are valuable resources. However, in order to obtain the rare metal during the conventional extraction process, the mica crystal has to be destroyed, which results in a lot of solid waste being generated and inefficient utilization of mica minerals. In this work, rubidium-bearing biotite (Rb-BB) was adopted to efficiently extract Rb through ion exchange. The influences of experimental conditions on the Rb leaching efficiency (L e (Rb)) were explored in detail. Under the optimal conditions of 0.6 g/g Mg(NO 3 ) 2 , 1.5 mol/L H 2 SO 4 , leaching temperature 363 K, leaching time 6 h, and liquid−solid rate 5:1 (mL/ g), L e (Rb) reached 95.6%. The microscopic process was characterized by virous characterization techniques. The results clearly revealed that the lamellar structure of biotite was still retained complete and Mg 2+ was enriched in the biotite layers after leaching. Compared with direct acid leaching, this process could reduce the consumption of H 2 SO 4 by 54.73% with the same L e (Rb). Furthermore, the leaching kinetics analyses showed that the enhanced extraction of Rb was a chemical-controlled process with an activation energy (E a ) of 43.62 kJ/mol. Therefore, this process provides a promising strategy for the efficient extraction of metals occurring in phyllosilicate minerals.

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“…38 The melting point analysis of CLC is illustrated in Figure 2. Metallurgically, the temperature according to the shrinkage of 50% is generally taken as the melting point, 39 so the melting point of the CLC ore is 1275 °C.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel Technology for Synergistic Extraction of Li and Rb from a Complex Lithium Concentrate

Yang

et al. 2022

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

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Li, known as a crucial new energy metal, has received explosive attention. Spodumene and lepidolite are abundant in Li and are usually associated with Rb, and their strategic position becomes increasingly visible. Herein, a novel and economical technology, combining thermal activation with alkali leaching, was proposed to synergistically extract Li and Rb from a complex lithium concentrate composed of spodumene and lepidolite. First, the comparative cooling experiment showed that the chemical reactivity of the water quenching slag was higher than that of the furnace cooling slag. Furthermore, the phase conversion of main minerals during thermal activation was explored. In addition, inert α-spodumene was converted to active β-spodumene after activation. Subsequently, the leaching behavior of each component in the water quenching slag was investigated. In addition, the results demonstrated that 93.0% of Li, 88.1% of Rb, 41.3% of Si, and 2.8% of Al were extracted at the optimal conditions. Ultimately, the adsorption studies confirmed that the leach residue was a feasible material for removal of heavy metal ions. In contrast to the existing extraction technologies, the technology proposed in this study had a significant advantage of low alkali consumption. Additionally, the utilization of leach residue could reduce the generation of solid wastes as well as improve the ecological and economic value of the proposed process.

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Thorough extraction of lithium and rubidium from lepidolite via thermal activation and acid leaching

Cited by 16 publications

References 51 publications

A review of lithium extraction from natural resources

A review of lithium extraction from natural resources

Efficient Leaching of Rubidium from Biotite by Ion Exchange without Destroying the Lamellar Crystal Structure

Novel Technology for Synergistic Extraction of Li and Rb from a Complex Lithium Concentrate

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