Thought suppression in obese and non‐obese restrained eaters: piece of cake or forbidden fruit?

Soetens, Barbara; Braet, Caroline; Moens, Ellen

doi:10.1002/erv.771

Cited by 26 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…It follows that obese and overweight individuals may have difficulties controlling their thoughts of food or thoughts concerning their shape and weight. This phenomenon may lead to overeating because thoughts of food increase the desire to eat [13]. Moreover, Engel et al [15] showed that attentional avoidance of body and shape concerns -a dysfunctional cognitive strategy -increases such concerns.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There is a link between obesity and the selfdiscipline facet of the well-known NEO Personality Inventory (NEO-PI-R), which is related to lack of Perseverance [10]. Obese persons who overeat have a strong tendency to suppress thoughts [13], which may make the suppressed thoughts (e.g., thoughts of food) become hyperaccessible, which in turn causes distress and increased food consumption [14]. This may explain why obese people overeat, despite their intentions to control their food intake.…”

Section: Obesity and The Four Facets Of Impulsivitymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Obesity and the four facets of impulsivity

Mobbs

Crépin

Thiéry

et al. 2010

Patient Education and Counseling

179

129

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Obesity is a complex condition involving biological, psychological, sociocultural and environmental components. Impulsivity seems to be a particularly important factor. Whiteside and Lynam recently proposed dividing impulsivity into four separate dimensions: Urgency, lack of Premeditation, lack of Perseverance and Sensation Seeking (associated with a tendency to exaggerate the impact of rewards). The objective of this article is to examine how obesity and eating disorder symptoms may be related to the four facets of impulsivity

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Obesity and The Four Facets Of Impulsivitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Obesity and the four facets of impulsivity

Mobbs

Crépin

Thiéry

et al. 2010

Patient Education and Counseling

179

129

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Western-style diets, particularly those that are rich in trans-fatty acids, are powerful inducers of obesity and NAFLD, and therefore need to be avoided [106]. However, maintaining compliance with therapeutic measures involving restricted food consumption is emotionally challenging with a high rate of non-compliance [107]. Such patients require pharmacological therapies.…”

Section: Molecular Mechanisms Related To Treatments For Nafldmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Mechanisms and New Treatment Strategies for Non-Alcoholic Steatohepatitis (NASH)

Takaki

Kawai

Yamamoto

2014

IJMS

109

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Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is a severe form of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), in which most patients exhibit non-progressive, non-alcoholic fatty liver (NAFL) attributable to simple steatosis. Multiple hits, including genetic differences, fat accumulation, insulin resistance and intestinal microbiota changes, account for the progression of NASH. NAFLD is strongly associated with obesity, which induces adipokine secretion, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and oxidative stress at the cellular level, which in turn induces hepatic steatosis, inflammation and fibrosis. Among these factors, gut microbiota are acknowledged as having an important role in initiating this multifactorial disease. Oxidative stress is considered to be a key contributor in the progression from NAFL to NASH. Macrophage infiltration is apparent in NAFL and NASH, while T-cell infiltration is apparent in NASH. Although several clinical trials have shown that antioxidative therapy with vitamin E can effectively control hepatitis pathology in the short term, the long-term effects remain obscure and have often proved to be ineffective in many other diseases. Several long-term antioxidant protocols have failed to reduce mortality. New treatment modalities that incorporate current understanding of NAFLD molecular pathogenesis must be considered.

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“…For instance, “restrained eaters” (i.e., individuals who show an above-average preoccupation with monitoring their food intake in order to avoid overeating and weight gain; see (44)) are more likely experience memory intrusions, including intrusive memories of food, if they are obese versus normal weight (45). There are also reports that restrained eaters are more likely to experience memory intrusions if they are susceptible to external eating (i.e., eating in response to food cues in the environment; (46), but see 47). These findings are consistent with the possibility that individuals who tend to lose control of their food intake may have deficits in memory control that make it difficult for them to resist thinking about food when confronted with food cues.…”

Section: Cognitive and Behavioral Inhibitory Processes And Energy Regmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human cognitive function and the obesogenic environment

Martin¹,

Davidson²

2014

Physiology & Behavior

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Evidence is accumulating which suggests that, in addition to leading to unprecedented rates of obesity, the current food environment is contributing to the development of cognitive impairment and dementia. Recent experimental research indicates that many of the cognitive deficits associated with obesity involve fundamental inhibitory processes that have important roles in the control of food intake, implicating these cognitive impairments as a risk factor for weight gain. Here, we review experiments that link obesity with deficits in memory, attentional, and behavioral control and contemplate how these deficits may predispose individuals to overeat. Specifically, we discuss how deficits in inhibitory control may reduce one’s ability to resist eating when confronted with the variety of foods and food cues that are ubiquitous in today’s environment. Special attention is given to the importance of memory inhibition to the control of eating and appetitive behavior, and the role of the hippocampus in this process. We also discuss the potential etiology of both obesity and obesity-related cognitive impairment, highlighting non-human animal research which links both of these effects to the consumption of the modern “Western” diet that is high in saturated fats and simple carbohydrates. We conclude that part of what makes the current food environment “obesogenic” is the increased presence of food cues and the increased consumption of a diet which compromises our ability to resist those cues. A multi-dimensional intervention which focuses on improving control over food-related cognitive processing may be useful not only for combating the obesity epidemic but also for minimizing the risk of serious cognitive disorder later in life.

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Thought suppression in obese and non‐obese restrained eaters: piece of cake or forbidden fruit?

Abstract: The findings suggest that disinhibited restrainers, irrespective of their weight status, report a high tendency to suppress thoughts. Given Wegner's theoretical account, this may be associated with preoccupations and self-control difficulties.

Cited by 26 publications

References 51 publications

Obesity and the four facets of impulsivity

Obesity and the four facets of impulsivity

Molecular Mechanisms and New Treatment Strategies for Non-Alcoholic Steatohepatitis (NASH)

Human cognitive function and the obesogenic environment

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