Thoughts and feelings: Correlations in two clinical and two nonclinical samples

Thorpe, Geoffrey L.; Barnes, Gary S.; Hunter, J. E.; Hines, Dwight

doi:10.1007/bf01172892

Cited by 23 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 8 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Jolly, Dyck, Kramer & Wherry, 1994), which could obscure theoretically predicted relations among constructs in samples where less pronounced specificity might be expected (e.g., non-clinical participants; Westra & Kuiper, 1996;adolescents;Garber, Weiss & Shanley, 1993;Jolly, 1993). Moreover, those studies that examined cognitive contents using measures other than the CCL were even less likely to find evidence for cognitive specificity (e.g., Bruch, Mattia, Heimberg & Holt, 1993;Epkins, 1996;McDermut & Haaga, 1994;Thorpe, Barnes, Hunter & Hines, 1983). Thus, results from this body of literature suggest that cognitive specificity between depression and anxiety is supported by empirical evidence but that it is not altogether robust, as it is most likely to be observed in patient rather than in community samples (cf.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Specificity of Hopelessness about Resolving Life Problems: Another Test of the Cognitive Model of Depression

et al. 2006

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Although empirical evidence suggests that global hopelessness differentiates depression from anxiety, the degree to which depressed and anxious patients endorse hopelessness about specific life events has yet to be investigated. In the present study, outpatients with major depression (n = 64), outpatients with generalized anxiety disorder (n = 29), and outpatients with other psychiatric disorders (n = 56) completed the Imagined Outcome Test, in which they described the personal problem that was most distressing to them, imagined the worst and best possible outcomes, and rated the likelihood that these outcomes would actually occur. Depressed outpatients rated worst outcomes as being more likely and best outcomes as being less likely than outpatients in the other two groups. Results support the hypothesis that hopelessness about the resolution of life problems is unique to depression.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Specificity of Hopelessness about Resolving Life Problems: Another Test of the Cognitive Model of Depression

et al. 2006

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The SSSASI is a measure of thoughts and feelings that permits the determination of the relation between cognitions and affective state, a central REBT tenet (i.e., that maladaptive cognitions are linked to emotional distress). Such correlations were found in clinical and non-clinical populations [33]; clinical respondents endorsed negative irrational thoughts significantly more than non-clinical participants [34]. The SSSASI has been found to have satisfactory internal consistency and test-retest reliability, although lower than that of the CBS-III, perhaps due to its assessment of reactions to highly specific situations [34].…”

Section: Measures Based On the Ellis Modelmentioning

confidence: 95%

Role of irrational beliefs in depression and anxiety: a review

Bridges¹,

Harnish²

2010

Health

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Irrational beliefs play a central role in cognitive theory and therapy; they have been shown to be related to a variety of disorders such as depression and anxiety. Irrational beliefs, which can be assessed via clinical interviewing techniques, are frequently assessed by self-report measures, both clinically and for research purposes. Much of the research demonstrating the effect of irrational beliefs has utilized such measures. The present article reviews the empirical work on irrational beliefs assessment and identifies 25 scales and techniques. The measures are organized according to their theoretical affiliation (i.e., either the Ellis or Beck model), with the goal of providing investigators a source to identify the available tests, their shortcomings, and potential applications. The authors conclude with recommendations which would strengthen empirical cohesion and precision in the measurement of irrational beliefs

show abstract

“…In support of the content-specificity hypothesis, the depressed group scored significantly higher on the CCL Depression subscale (CCL-D), whereas the anxious group scored significantly higher on the CCL Anxiety subscale (CCL-A). In an earlier study using a mixed psychiatric sample, Thorpe, Barnes, Hunter, and Hines (1983) reported that thoughts of loss and failure had a higher correlation with depressed mood, though cognitive specificity was not evident with anxious mood states. However, Ingram et al (1987) did find evidence of content specificity in their psychometrically defined depressed, test-anxious, and nondepressed–nonanxious groups.…”

mentioning

confidence: 86%

Cognitive mediation in general psychiatric outpatients: A test of the content-specificity hypothesis.

Clark¹,

Beck²,

Brown³

1989

Journal of Personality and Social Psychology

130

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

We investigated the degree of content specificity evident in the negative cognitions associated with anxiety and depression in two large samples of general psychiatric outpatients. Standardized measures of affect and cognition were analyzed in a multiple regression design. As predicted by Beck's (1967Beck's ( ,1976Beck's ( ,1987 cognitive theory of psychopathology, thoughts of loss and failure were specifically associated with depression, whereas cognitions of harm and danger were uniquely predictive of anxiety. In addition, hopelessness was specific to depression and not to anxiety. Dysfunctional beliefs showed no consistent association with either mood state. The implication of these results, as well as related findings, is discussed in terms of a cognitive perspective on the differentiation of emotional disorders. Also discussed are the methodological difficulties encountered in research on cognitiveaffective relationships.Cognitive theories of psychopathology have gained prominence in recent years (Mahoney, 1988). A number of theoretical models have been proposed, each regarding cognitive mediation as crucial to affective and behavioral responding. However, the cognitive constructs used by cognitive-clinical theorists to explain such mediation frequently involve different levels of conceptualization. Recently Ingram and Kendall (1986) suggested that most cognitive variables can be categorized as referring to the structure, proposition, operation, or product of the information-processing system. Structured variables refer to the manner in which information is internally organized (i.e., schemata or associative networks), whereas propositions are the stored contents of these structures. Cognitive operations refer to the processes involved in the interaction of the various components of the information-processing system. Finally, cognitive products are viewed as output resulting from the functioning of the information-processing system (i.e., thoughts and images).Beck 's(1967,1976,1987) cognitive theory (CT) of emotional disorders views cognitive mediation in terms of the interaction of these four components of a faulty information-processing system. At the broadest level, maladaptive functional structures called schemata direct the screening, encoding, organization,

show abstract

Thoughts and feelings: Correlations in two clinical and two nonclinical samples

Cited by 23 publications

References 8 publications

Specificity of Hopelessness about Resolving Life Problems: Another Test of the Cognitive Model of Depression

Specificity of Hopelessness about Resolving Life Problems: Another Test of the Cognitive Model of Depression

Role of irrational beliefs in depression and anxiety: a review

Cognitive mediation in general psychiatric outpatients: A test of the content-specificity hypothesis.

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About