Threat, Anti-Western Hostility and Violence among European Muslims: The Mediating Role of Acculturation

Tahir, Hajra; Kunst, Jonas R.; Sam, David L.

doi:10.1016/j.ijintrel.2019.08.001

Cited by 15 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…Intergroup threats have been linked to several negative intergroup outcomes-cognitive, emotional, and behavioral (Riek et al, 2006;Stephan et al, 2009). For example, both realistic and symbolic threats have been linked to support for persecution of Muslim immigrants among non-Muslim Americans (Obaidi et al, 2018), and to support for violent behavioral intentions among British and Norwegian Muslims (Tahir et al, 2019). Besides behavioral outcomes, perceived threat also triggers various negative emotional responses to outgroups such as fear and anger (Cottrell & Neuberg, 2005) and even schadenfreude (i.e., pleasure in response to outgroup misfortune; Chang et al, 2016), as well as negative cognitive responses such as increased ingroup versus outgroup categorization and stereotyping (Chang et al, 2016;Riek et al, 2006).…”

Section: Integrated and Distinctiveness Threatsmentioning

confidence: 99%

An intergroup approach to collective narcissism: Intergroup threats and hostility in four European Union countries

Guerra

Bierwiaczonek

Ferreira

et al. 2020

Group Processes & Intergroup Relations

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Although it is known that collective narcissism is associated with problematic intergroup relations, its predictors are less well understood. Two studies, conducted in four European Union countries (Germany, Greece, Portugal, the United Kingdom [UK]), tested the hypotheses that integrated (i.e., realistic and symbolic) threat (Study 1, N = 936) as well as distinctiveness threat (Study 2, N = 434) positively predict national collective narcissism and national ingroup satisfaction, but that only national collective narcissism predicts problematic intergroup relations in reference to threatening outgroups. The results were consistent with those hypotheses. The two types of threat predicted increased national collective narcissism and national ingroup satisfaction. However, only national collective narcissism was associated with negative emotions and hostile behavioral intentions toward the threatening outgroups, when its overlap with national ingroup satisfaction was partialled out. These cross-national findings advanced knowledge of predictors, as well as consequences, of collective narcissism.

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Section: Integrated and Distinctiveness Threatsmentioning

confidence: 99%

An intergroup approach to collective narcissism: Intergroup threats and hostility in four European Union countries

Guerra

Bierwiaczonek

Ferreira

et al. 2020

Group Processes & Intergroup Relations

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“…We recommend future studies investigate other factors that might explain why assimilation was the only significant predictor of social inclusion, while integration did not reveal any significant results. One suggestion is to present Muslims’ cultural practices as a threat to Canadian cultural identity to examine the underlying mechanism for preferring social inclusion for assimilated Muslims (see e.g., Tahir et al, 2019 ). Moreover, even though Canadian Muslims are integrated into Canadian society ( McCoy et al, 2016 ), the perception is different among majority group members.…”

Section: Limitations and Future Implicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cultural similarity predicts social inclusion of Muslims in Canada: A vignette-based experimental survey

Tahir

Safdar

2022

Front. Psychol.

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Based on acculturation psychology and intergroup emotions theory, the current experimental study assessed the effects of Muslims’ perceived acculturation strategies by the majority group on social exclusion of Muslims in Canada, and to what extent religious resentment mediated the relationship between Muslims’ perceived acculturation strategies and social exclusion. The experimental study used a vignette-based approach. This model was examined among 190 non-Muslim Canadians. Results showed that when Muslims were viewed as assimilated in Canadian society, social exclusion of Muslims and religious resentment toward Muslims decreased. Furthermore, religious resentment mediated the association between Muslims’ perceived acculturation strategies and social exclusion only when Muslims were perceived as assimilated. Our findings suggest that Canadian majority-group members indicated positive attitude toward Muslims when they were identified as assimilated in Canadian society. Results are discussed in terms of implications for future studies and intergroup relations.

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“…Whereas many theories and models suggest that relative deprivation also plays a key role for extremism [28,29] 35,36]. In fact, Muslim individuals enrolled in higher education and high earners are sometimes more likely to support and sympathize with violent protest and acts of terrorism [37,38], and those born in the West tend to be more inclined to endorse violence than those born in conflict areas [20]. This suggests that, rather than actual deprivation, what matters in particular may be minority-group members' subjective experience of it.…”

Section: Relative Deprivation and Collective Actionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding violent extremism in the 21st century: The (re)emerging role of relative deprivation

Kunst¹,

Obaidi²

2020

Preprint

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Recently, the world has experienced a wave of violent protest, and in particular Islamist and right-wing extremism have become increasing challenges for many societies. We argue that especially the experience of relative deprivation, that is the perception that oneself or one’s group is undeservingly worse off than others, can explain various, contemporary forms of violent extremism, including (a) low-power groups’ violent attempts to challenge the unequal status quo, (b) high-power groups’ violent defense of their privileged position, and sometimes even (c) people’s violent attempt to help out-groups in need. In light of recent research and growing social inequalities, we expect relative deprivation to be a key factor driving violent extremism across cultures and contexts in the 21st century.

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Threat, Anti-Western Hostility and Violence among European Muslims: The Mediating Role of Acculturation

Cited by 15 publications

References 49 publications

An intergroup approach to collective narcissism: Intergroup threats and hostility in four European Union countries

An intergroup approach to collective narcissism: Intergroup threats and hostility in four European Union countries

Cultural similarity predicts social inclusion of Muslims in Canada: A vignette-based experimental survey

Understanding violent extremism in the 21st century: The (re)emerging role of relative deprivation

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