Three-dimensional characterization of stress corrosion cracks

Lozano-Pérez, Sergio; Rodrigo, P.; Gontard, Lionel C.

doi:10.1016/j.jnucmat.2010.11.068

Cited by 43 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Many factors affecting corrosion rate and cracks growth were studied by several authors [74][75][76][77][78][79][80][81][82][83]. Nevertheless, the contribution of the oxide layers themselves remains crucial and is still suffering from a lack of understanding.…”

Section: State Of the Artmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using Microscopy to Help with the Understanding of Degradation Mechanisms Observed in Materials of Pressurized Water Reactors

Legras¹,

Volgin²,

Radiguet³

et al. 2017

JMSE-B

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Abstract:Even if temperature, pressure and chemistry of the cooling water are not very high and aggressive, materials used in PWRs (Pressurized Water Reactors) are exposed to different degradation mechanisms. One of the main goals of the research programs in this field is to develop physical model of the mechanisms down to the atomic scale. Such approach needs a clear description and understanding of the degradation mechanisms at the same small scale. This paper illustrates the benefits of different microscopies and of their last improvements up to the promising possibilities of monochromated and aberrations corrected TEM/STEM. A specific focus is placed on four different degradation mechanisms observed in austenitic stainless steel: irradiation ageing, corrosion fatigue, stress corrosion cracking and corrosion.

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Section: State Of the Artmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using Microscopy to Help with the Understanding of Degradation Mechanisms Observed in Materials of Pressurized Water Reactors

Legras¹,

Volgin²,

Radiguet³

et al. 2017

JMSE-B

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“…An example of this strategy is provided by the work of Lozano-Perez et al to understand the effects of cold work in SCC of 304 stainless steel; cold working is known to increase the crack growth rate in pressurized water nuclear reactors under primary water conditions, but the mechanisms that control crack propagation are unclear. [313][314][315][316][317][318][319] Cold-worked samples are harder, have measurably different corrosion properties, and exhibit a complex microstructure with a high density of so-called twin deformation bands, which have a complex internal structure where sub-cells and dislocation bundles are frequently observed. The density of bands is dependent on the level of cold work.…”

Section: Stress-corrosion Crackingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…35). 319 APT analysis of the surface oxide showed that it was composed of two layers, the inner layer was a Cr-rich spinel and the outer layer was a Fe-rich spinel (not included in the APT reconstruction shown in Fig. 36).…”

Section: Stress-corrosion Crackingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Towards an integrated materials characterization toolbox

et al. 2011

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“…In transmission electron microscopy (TEM), usually 'single-axis tilting' is used, in which the specimen is tilted about the eucentric axis of the specimen holder rod. After accurate alignment of the tomographic tilt series, reconstruction, segmentation, and visualisation of the 3D volume or tomogram are the steps necessary to extract quantitative morphological information from the 3D tomograms [17][18][19][20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Removing the effects of the “dark matter” in tomography

Gontard

2015

Ultramicroscopy

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a b s t r a c tElectron tomography (ET) using different imaging modes has been progressively consolidating its position as a key tool in materials science. The fidelity of a tomographic reconstruction, or tomogram, is affected by several experimental factors. Most often, an unrealistic cloud of intensity that does not correspond to a real material phase of the specimen ("dark matter") blurs the tomograms and enhances artefacts arising from the missing wedge (MW). Here we show that by simple preprocessing of the background level of any tomographic tilt series, it is possible to minimise the negative effects of that "dark matter". Iterative reconstruction algorithms converge better, leading to tomograms with fewer streaking artefacts from the MW, more contrast, and increased accuracy. The conclusions are valid irrespective of the imaging mode used, and the methodology improves the segmentation and visualisation of tomograms of both crystalline and amorphous materials. We show examples of HAADF STEM and BF TEM tomography.

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Three-dimensional characterization of stress corrosion cracks

Cited by 43 publications

References 27 publications

Using Microscopy to Help with the Understanding of Degradation Mechanisms Observed in Materials of Pressurized Water Reactors

Using Microscopy to Help with the Understanding of Degradation Mechanisms Observed in Materials of Pressurized Water Reactors

Towards an integrated materials characterization toolbox

Removing the effects of the “dark matter” in tomography

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