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Using a Sagdeev pseudo-potential approach, where the nonlinear structures are stationary in a comoving frame, the arbitrary or large amplitude dust-acoustic solitary waves and double layers have been studied in dusty plasmas containing warm positively charged dust and nonthermal distributed electrons and ions. Depending on the values of the critical Mach number, which varies with the plasma parameter, both supersonic and subsonic dust-acoustic solitary waves are found. It is found that our plasma system under consideration supports both positive and negative supersonic solitary waves and only positive subsonic solitary waves and negative double layers. The parametric regimes for the existence of subsonic and supersonic dust-acoustic waves and how the polarity of solitary waves changes with plasma parameters are shown. It is observed that the solitary wave and double layer solutions exist at the values of Mach number around its critical Mach number. The basic properties (amplitude, width, speed, etc.) of the solitary pulses and double layers are significantly modified by the plasma parameters (viz., ion to positive dust number density ratio, ion to electron temperature ratio, nonthermal parameter, and positive dust temperature to ion temperature ratio). The applications of our present work in space environments (viz., cometary tails, Earth’s mesosphere, and Jupiter’s magnetosphere) and laboratory devices, where nonthermal ion and electron species along with positively charged dust species have been observed, are briefly discussed.
Using a Sagdeev pseudo-potential approach, where the nonlinear structures are stationary in a comoving frame, the arbitrary or large amplitude dust-acoustic solitary waves and double layers have been studied in dusty plasmas containing warm positively charged dust and nonthermal distributed electrons and ions. Depending on the values of the critical Mach number, which varies with the plasma parameter, both supersonic and subsonic dust-acoustic solitary waves are found. It is found that our plasma system under consideration supports both positive and negative supersonic solitary waves and only positive subsonic solitary waves and negative double layers. The parametric regimes for the existence of subsonic and supersonic dust-acoustic waves and how the polarity of solitary waves changes with plasma parameters are shown. It is observed that the solitary wave and double layer solutions exist at the values of Mach number around its critical Mach number. The basic properties (amplitude, width, speed, etc.) of the solitary pulses and double layers are significantly modified by the plasma parameters (viz., ion to positive dust number density ratio, ion to electron temperature ratio, nonthermal parameter, and positive dust temperature to ion temperature ratio). The applications of our present work in space environments (viz., cometary tails, Earth’s mesosphere, and Jupiter’s magnetosphere) and laboratory devices, where nonthermal ion and electron species along with positively charged dust species have been observed, are briefly discussed.
In recent years, studies on magnetospheric plasmas have increased drastically. Different theoretical models are proposed to match the data observed from various space missions. Still, no sufficient experimental setup is there to replicate the formation like a double layer in these kinds of plasma. In this study, we have made an experimental setup that nearly replicates the magnetospheric plasma environment. We have placed a stainless steel (SS) plate inside our plasma chamber. The argon plasma is produced in the hot cathode discharge method at comparatively high pressure. Then a positive bias is applied to the SS plate with and without attaching a permanent magnet. This positively biased SS plate creates a fireball and firerod-like structures in the absence and presence of the magnet, respectively. This scenario is analogous to the Earth’s magnetospheric plasma and the SS plate represents the pole of the Earth. In this plasma, we have studied the axial variation of ion density (ni ), electron temperature (Te ), electron energy distribution function (EEDF), and the plasma potential for both cases. Lastly, we have discussed the nature of the plasma potential variation with a theoretical model.
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