Three-dimensional real-time synthetic aperture imaging using a rotating phased array transducer

Nikolov, Svetoslav Ivanov; Jensen, Jørgen Arendt; Dufait, R.; Schoisswohl, A.

doi:10.1109/ultsym.2002.1192596

Cited by 15 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…The interconnection from the transducer elements to the interfacing electronics are co-axial cables. When it comes to 3D imaging systems, 1D ultrasonic transducer arrays had been used historically to acquire the 3D volumetric data, by being mechanically translated [3] or rotated [4] to cover the whole 3D space. A slice of 2D image is formed at each physical position of the 1D array.…”

Section: The Challenge For Implementing a 3d Wearable / Portable Ultrmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…3D ultrasonic imaging can be achieved by translating or rotating a 1D transducer array over the space [3,4], but the accuracy and speed is limited by the mechanical movements. As a result, 2D transducer arrays and the supporting 2D electronics are more desirable for 3D ultrasonic imaging.…”

Section: Ultrasonic Transducersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In [3,4], a conventional 1D transducer array is used as a sub-array and is mechanically translated or rotated to achieve synthetic 3D imaging, as shown in Figure 3-1(a). The active channel count is reduced to N and the synthetic beam-formation technique could produce good image quality, as long as the object being imaged is static or moving at a much slower speed than the image frame rate, to avoid mo-tion artifact.…”

Section: The Prior Art Of Architectures For 3d Ultrasonic Imagingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Column-Row-Parallel ASIC architecture for 3D wearable / portable medical ultrasonic imaging

Chen

Lee

Sodini

2014

2014 Symposium on VLSI Circuits Digest of Technical Papers

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This work presents a scalable Column-Row-Parallel ASIC architecture for 3D wearable / portable medical ultrasound. It leverages programmable electronic addressing to achieve linear scaling for both hardware interconnection and software data acquisition. A 16x16 transceiver ASIC is fabricated and flip-chip bonded to a 16x16 capacitive micromachined ultrasonic transducer (CMUT) to demonstrate the compact, low-power front-end assembly. A 3D plane-wave coherent compounding algorithm is designed for fast volume rate (62.5 volume/s), high quality 3D ultrasonic imaging. An interleaved checker board pattern with I&Q excitations is also proposed for ultrasonic harmonic imaging, reducing transmitted second harmonic distortion by over 20dB, applicable to nonlinear transducers and circuits with arbitrary pulse shapes.Each transceiver circuit is element-matched to its CMUT element. The high voltage transmitter employs a 3-level pulse-shaping technique with charge recycling to enhance the power efficiency, requiring minimum off-chip components. Compared to traditional 2-level pulsers, 50% more acoustic power delivery is obtained with the same total power dissipation. The receiver is implemented with a transimpedance amplifier topology and achieves a lowest noise efficiency factor in the literature (2.1 compared to a previously reported lowest of 3.6, in unit of mP a · mW/Hz). A source follower stage is specially designed to combine the analog outputs of receivers in parallel, improving output SNR as parallelization increases and offering flexibility for imaging algorithm design. Lastly, fault-tolerance is incorporated into the transceiver to deal with faulty elements within the 2D MEMS transducer array, increasing yield for the system assembly.

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Section: The Challenge For Implementing a 3d Wearable / Portable Ultrmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Ultrasonic Transducersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Prior Art Of Architectures For 3d Ultrasonic Imagingmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

A Column-Row-Parallel ASIC architecture for 3D wearable / portable medical ultrasonic imaging

Chen

Lee

Sodini

2014

2014 Symposium on VLSI Circuits Digest of Technical Papers

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“…Transmitting with a single element gives the largest flexibility in selecting transducer elements for receive, but the transmitted energy is too low to be used for imaging. The use of de-focused transmits has so far been the most common way of generating spherical waves [5,8,9]. A spherical wave can be approximated by transmitting with the central element first and with the outermost elements last.…”

Section: The Transmissionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previous attempts to use synthetic transmit aperture imaging in combination with a mechanically rotating transducer proved successful [5]. Transducers with mechanical parts are generally considered less reliable than their fully electronic counterparts, so a natural next step is to investigate the use of multi-static SA imaging using a matrix array.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of the feasibility of 3D synthetic aperture imaging

Nikolov

Jensen

IEEE Symposium on Ultrasonics, 2003

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3D synthetic aperture imaging with a therapeutic spherical random phased array for transcostal applications

Zubair

Dickinson

2021

Phys. Med. Biol.

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Experimental validation of a synthetic aperture imaging technique using a therapeutic random phased array is described, demonstrating the dual nature of imaging and therapy of such an array. The transducer is capable of generating both continuous wave high intensity beams for ablating the tumor and low intensity ultrasound pulses to image the target area. Pulse-echo data is collected from the elements of the phased array to obtain B-mode images of the targets. Since therapeutic arrays are optimized for therapy only with concave apertures having low f-number and large directive elements often coarsely sampled, imaging can not be performed using conventional beamforming. We show that synthetic aperture imaging is capable of processing the acquired RF data to obtain images of the field of interest. Simulations were performed to compare different synthetic aperture imaging techniques to identify the best algorithm in terms of spatial resolution. Experimental validation was performed using a 1 MHz, 256-elements, spherical random phased array with 130 mm radius of curvature. The array was integrated with a research ultrasound scanner via custom connectors to acquire raw RF data for variety of targets. Imaging was implemented using synthetic aperture beamforming to produce images of a rib phantom and ex vivo ribs. The array was shown to resolve spherical targets within ±15 mm of either side of the axis in the focal plane and obtain 3D images of the rib phantom up to ±40 mm of either side of the central axis and at a depth of 3–9 cm from the array surface. The lateral and axial full width half maximum was 1.15 mm and 2.75 mm, respectively. This study was undertaken to emphasize that both therapy and image guidance with a therapeutic random phased array is possible and such a system has the potential to address some major limitations in the existing high intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) systems. The 3D images obtained with a therapeutic array can be used to identify and locate strong scattering objects aiding to image guidance and treatment planning of the HIFU procedure.

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Three-dimensional real-time synthetic aperture imaging using a rotating phased array transducer

Cited by 15 publications

References 5 publications

A Column-Row-Parallel ASIC architecture for 3D wearable / portable medical ultrasonic imaging

A Column-Row-Parallel ASIC architecture for 3D wearable / portable medical ultrasonic imaging

Investigation of the feasibility of 3D synthetic aperture imaging

3D synthetic aperture imaging with a therapeutic spherical random phased array for transcostal applications

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