Three‐Dimensional Reconstruction and Microstructure Modeling of Porosity‐Graded Cathode Using Focused Ion Beam and Homogenization Techniques

Hamedani, Hoda Amani; Baniassadi, Majid; Sheidaei, Azadeh; Pourboghrat, Farhang; Rémond, Yves; Khaleel, Mohammad A.; Garmestani, Hamid

doi:10.1002/fuce.201300170

Cited by 18 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Reconstruction of a heterogeneous material to obtain the microstructure can be performed using different experimental methods. Recently, X‐ray nano/micro‐computed tomography (CT) and focused ion beam/scanning electron microscopy (FIB/SEM) have been widely used to reconstruct the porous medium 3D microstructures. Ostadi et al created GDL‐microporous layer (MPL) assembly through X‐ray nano tomography and FIB/SEM, respectively.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microstructure Reconstruction and Characterization of the Porous GDLs for PEMFC Based on Fibers Orientation Distribution

2018

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The 3D microstructure of the gas diffusion layers (GDLs) is generated, using a stochastic reconstruction approach. The method uses basic input parameters and fibers orientation distribution and is capable to model carbon fiber and binder phases of all types of carbon fiber GDLs with different structural parameters. Morphological operators of image processing are used to add the binder to the fibrous skeleton in three dimensions. Binder impregnation, pore size distribution and tortuosity factor of the reconstructed GDL are evaluated and compared with literature. Twenty and forty percentages of binder volume fraction are used to reconstruct the microstructure. To further investigate the reliability of our approach, mass transport properties of the reconstructed microstructure, namely absolute permeability, effective diffusivity of the pore space and effective thermal conductivity, are investigated through a finite volume equation solver in AVIZO. Only 4% of discrepancy between the absolute permeability calculation and the value reported by the manufacturer is observed in the through‐plane direction. Finally, in order to show the flexibility of the methodology the microstructure of a commercial Toray GDL is also reconstructed and characterized. The proposed method is proved to be a high‐speed and versatile tool for research and development in the GDL material design.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microstructure Reconstruction and Characterization of the Porous GDLs for PEMFC Based on Fibers Orientation Distribution

2018

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“…So only the length of vector is considered in Eqs. (8) and (9). This function was first proposed by Debye et al [33] for structures in which a phase possesses random shape and size.…”

Section: Calculation Of Tpcfs For Cathode Microstructurementioning

confidence: 98%

“…These energy converters do not necessarily use Carnot cycle, thus they can reduce the emission of pollutants and overcome combustion efficiency limitations [1]. Because of these compelling advantages, many research works are carried aiming different aspects of these devices such as microstructure optimization [2][3][4][5] and reconstruction [6][7][8][9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization of solid oxide fuel cell cathodes using two-point correlation functions

Hasanabadi

Baniassadi

Abrinia

et al. 2016

Computational Materials Science

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A novel method for the optimization of the microstructure of a two-phase solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) mixed ionic-electronic conductor (MIEC) cathode is presented. Two-point correlation functions (TPCFs) are used to manipulate the microstructure. At first, using an appropriate function, such as a decaying exponential multiplied by a sinusoidal function, initial full-set TPCFs are created. Based on the created TPCFs, a phase recovery algorithm is used, as a construction tool, to realize the three-dimensional (3D) porous microstructure of the SOFC. The reconstructed microstructures are evaluated based on the contribution of the geometrical attributes, such as tortuosity of the solid-phase and the active interfacial area, minimizing the cathode characteristic impedance. Shooting for a minimum solid-phase tortuosity and maximum active interfacial area of solid-and void-phase for a fixed volume fraction, a series of optimization simulations are carried out using two independent variables of autocovariance function as the design variables. Using this approach, it is possible to create very thick (or thin) pathways in the solid and void phases with small (or large) tortuosity and low (or high) interfacial area of the solid-void by applying various TPCF sets. By comparing the present results with some of the experimental ones reported in the literature, it is shown that the optimization process presented here can be used as a robust tool to design optimal microstructure with improved tortuosity and interfacial area for SOFCs and other similar bicontinuous applications.

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“…Recent development of more sophisticated microstructural characterization tools like focused ion beam scanning electron microscopy (FIB‐SEM) and X‐ray computed tomography (XCT), has enabled researchers to explore microstructure of SOFC by investigating the complex interplay between gas and solid phases and their relationship to performance , . In addition to the experimentation, numerical analysis can be employed to obtain a detailed 3D insight on how SOFC electrodes function , .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Developing a Coupled Statistical and Monte Carlo Approach for Geometric Modeling and Optimizing of Infiltrated Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Electrode

et al. 2019

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This study proposes a novel geometric simulation methodology to estimate the performance of solid oxide fuel cells (SFOCs) electrodes using Monte‐Carlo approach coupled with a statistical algorithm to add infiltrated particles in the form of discrete voxels. Electrochemical performance of these infiltrated electrodes is then characterized by direct evaluation of triple phase boundary (TPB) density and active surface density of the particles. Study results, in agreement with experiment and analytical models, illustrate that there is an optimum point for particle loading, which is strongly depended on the backbone properties and particle aggregation behavior. Study also indicates that the reduction rate of the gas transport factor after adding particles strongly depends on the backbone porosity and the distribution of the particles. Further, it is shown that the average shape of aggregated particles alters the TPB density and gas transport behavior, but particle agglomeration always increases the surface density of particles. Finally, the geometric results are compared with electrochemical tests qualitatively and proposed theories in literature quantitatively. A case study is also performed to compare geometric properties of a realized model with a real reconstructed infiltrated electrode.

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Three‐Dimensional Reconstruction and Microstructure Modeling of Porosity‐Graded Cathode Using Focused Ion Beam and Homogenization Techniques

Cited by 18 publications

References 18 publications

Microstructure Reconstruction and Characterization of the Porous GDLs for PEMFC Based on Fibers Orientation Distribution

Microstructure Reconstruction and Characterization of the Porous GDLs for PEMFC Based on Fibers Orientation Distribution

Optimization of solid oxide fuel cell cathodes using two-point correlation functions

Developing a Coupled Statistical and Monte Carlo Approach for Geometric Modeling and Optimizing of Infiltrated Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Electrode

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