Three-Dimensional Study of Magnetohydrodynamic Natural Convection, Entropy Generation, and Electromagnetic Variables in a Nanofluid Filled Enclosure Equipped with Inclined Fins

Abstract

This article provides a numerical study on carbon nanotube–water nanofluid convection in a three-dimensional cavity under a magnetic field effect. Two walls are kept at a hot temperature, and the upper and lower horizontal walls are considered adiabatic. As a new configuration, the beneficial effect of using a nanofluid is coupled with the incorporation of cold V-shape obstacle placed in the cubic cavity; in addition, an external magnetic field is applied toward the horizontal x -axis direction. The finite element method based on the Galerkin’s Weighted Residual technique is used to solve the three-dimensional governing equations. In this paper, the ranges of the parameters used are the Hartmann number, varied from 0 to 100, Rayleigh number from 10 3 to 10 5 , nanofluid volume fraction between 0% and 4.5%, and the body V-shaped opening angle varied from 0 to 80°. The effect of the obstacle shape and the added nanoparticle concentration on the flow behaviors, the different instabilities generated, and the heat transfer exchanged were exposed. An enhancement in heat transfer was recorded by increasing the obstacle opening angle and the volume fraction of the carbon nanotubes. Special attention has also been devoted to the calculation of the different kinds of entropy generations.

Numerical Investigation of a Rotating Magnetic Field Influence on Free Convective CNT/Water Nanofluid Flow within a Corrugated Enclosure

“…Furthermore, µ n f is the effective dynamic viscosity defined by the Hamilton and Crosser model [31]:…”

Three‐dimensional numerical simulation of free convection and entropy generation in a cubic cavity containing a heat source

“…[3][4][5] However, 3D studies are preferable because they allow to visualize the physical phenomena well and draw accurate conclusions, especially for the simulation of asymmetric problems. Among the recent interesting studies performed in 3D, we can mention the analysis of free convection in 3D geometries in the presence of heat sources, [6][7][8] porous media, 9,10 magnetic field, [11][12][13] and nanofluids. [14][15][16][17] Free convection simulations based on the lattice Boltzmann methodology are very abundant in the literature, especially in two dimensions.…”

Effect of inclination angle on the thermal-hydraulic characteristics and entropy generation of Al2O3–water nanofluid for in-tube turbulent flow

“…It was noted that the optimum inclination angle was between −10 ° and +10 ° for vapor qualities less than 75% and +90 ° for qualities greater than 75%. Gal et al (2022) numerically investigated the effect of a magnetic field on carbon nanotube–water nanofluid in a cavity containing a V-shaped fin. Enhancement in the heat transfer coefficient was noted with an increase in the opening of the angle between the V-shaped fin.…”