Three-Dimensional Turbulent Structure in Compound Open Channel Flows

Estimation of the dispersion coefficient in rivers with riparian vegetation

“…However, secondary currents also exist in straight channels (e.g. [44,45]), and these mainly depend on the shape of the channel, and on the distribution of the roughness [46,47]. For example, in compound channels, a shear layer generates between the region of high velocity in the main channel and the slower water on the floodplain, and induces the formation of secondary currents in the transition zone.…”

“…Two different values of the gradient of the secondary flow have in particular been identified: one in the main channel and the other on the floodplain. Inside a simple trapezoidal channel, Tominaga et al [46] and Knight et al [47] instead showed that several secondary channel cells should be considered to properly model the shear stresses and the velocity gradients. Also in this case C is considered to be constant in certain channel regions, and can assume positive or negative values according to the number, position, and strength of the secondary flow cells.…”