Three-dimensional Volume Rendering of Spiral CT Data: Theory and Method

Calhoun, Paul S.; Kuszyk, Brian S.; Heath, D. F.; Carley, Jennifer C.; Fishman, Elliot K.

doi:10.1148/radiographics.19.3.g99ma14745

Cited by 512 publications

(323 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…Moreover, the most recent CBCT systems require a few seconds to take and reproduce the pictures. (9)(10)(11) CBCT offers extensive ability to analyze a tooth resulting in very accurate assessment of all aspects of root and root canal morphology.…”

Section: Advantages Of Cbctmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical application of cbct in endodontics-a review

Kumar¹,

Pradeep²

2017

Int j curr adv res

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A R T I C L E I N F O INTRODUCTIONCone Beam Computed Tomography is a technique consisting of X-ray computed tomography the X-rays are divergent, forming a cone. introduced first in the European market in 1996. dimensional imaging techniques have been used since 1896. CBCT imaging is one of the recent techniques that is makes way to visualize the object in an equal planes three dimensionally. It is of low cost and of lower radiation exposure compared with conventional CT. CBCT helps in determining the root canal morphology by removal of the superimposed structures and showing normal anatomy and morphology of the root canal system without additional exposure with higher resolution. Conventional Imaging Techniques and Its LimitationsRadiography is essential for treatment of the pulp pathologies, bio-mechanical preparation of the root canal during RCT, obturation, and also in healing assessment. Imaging is needed in all stages of endodontic procedures. (4) Assessment, the morphology of the tooth including location and number of canals, pulp chamber size and degree of calcification, root structure, direction and curvature, fractures, and the extent of dental caries can be observed only by imagining techniques, mostly radiographs. During therapy two radiographs may be performed. The first is for working length determination which is done by inserting files into the root canals to a length approximating till the apex. Second one is the 'master cone radiograph' which is done after bio mechanical preparation to check the fit of the master cone.

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Section: Advantages Of Cbctmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical application of cbct in endodontics-a review

Kumar¹,

Pradeep²

2017

Int j curr adv res

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“…In order to present the 3D (or higher) datasets on available 2D devices (monitors or printouts), techniques from computer graphics, such as volume rendering (Drebin & Carpenter 1988;Calhoun & Kuszyk 1999), are utilized. The quality of 3D image presentation has improved lately and may provide the basis for 3D visualization for educational purpose.…”

Section: Visualizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advanced 3D visualization in student-centred medical education

et al. 2008

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Background: Healthcare students have difficulties achieving a conceptual understanding of 3D anatomy and misconceptions about physiological phenomena are persistent and hard to address. 3D visualization has improved the possibilities of facilitating understanding of complex phenomena. A project was carried out in which high quality 3D visualizations using high-resolution CT and MR images from clinical research were developed for educational use. Instead of standard stacks of slices (original or multiplanar reformatted) volume-rendering images in the quicktime VR format that enables students to interact intuitively were included. Based on learning theories underpinning problem based learning, 3D visualizations were implemented in the existing curricula of the medical and physiotherapy programs. The images/films were used in lectures, demonstrations and tutorial sessions. Self-study material was also developed. Aims: To support learning efficacy by developing and using 3D datasets in regular health care curricula and enhancing the knowledge about possible educational value of 3D visualizations in learning anatomy and physiology. Method: Questionnaires were used to investigate the medical and physiotherapy students' opinions about the different formats of visualizations and their learning experiences. Results: The 3D images/films stimulated the students will to understand more and helped them to get insights about biological variations and different organs size, space extent and relation to each other. The virtual dissections gave a clearer picture than ordinary dissections and the possibility to turn structures around was instructive. Conclusions: 3D visualizations based on authentic, viable material point out a new dimension of learning material in anatomy, physiology and probably also pathophysiology. It was successful to implement 3D images in already existing themes in the educational programs. The results show that deeper knowledge is required about students' interpretation of images/films in relation to learning outcomes. There is also a need for preparations and facilitation principles connected to the use of 3D visualizations.

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“…6,7 Volumetric rendering methods are more diagnostically relevant for revealing internal anatomical structures. 8,9 One of the most commonly used volumetric rendering methods is maximum intensity projection (MIP), which maximizes contrast on a rendered image by assigning pixels the brightest voxel along projections through the 3D dataset. 10 Various display workstations and user interfaces have also been developed to achieve better image perception, ease reader-computer interaction, and improve efficacy of the interpretation process.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of Radiologists’ Search Strategies for Lung Nodule Detection: Slice-Based Versus Volumetric Displays

Wang

Durick

et al. 2007

J Digit Imaging

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The goal of this study was to assess whether radiologists' search paths for lung nodule detection in chest computed tomography (CT) between different rendering and display schemes have reliable properties that can be exploited as an indicator of ergonomic efficiency for the purpose of comparing different display paradigms. Eight radiologists retrospectively viewed 30 lung cancer screening CT exams, containing a total of 91 nodules, in each of three display modes [i.e., slice-by-slice, orthogonal maximum intensity projection (MIP) and stereoscopic] for the purpose of detecting and classifying lung nodules. Radiologists' search patterns in the axial direction were recorded and analyzed along with the location, size, and shape for each detected feature, and the likelihood that the feature is an actual nodule. Nodule detection performance was analyzed by employing free-response receiver operating characteristic methods. Search paths were clearly different between sliceby-slice displays and volumetric displays but, aside from training and novelty effects, not between MIP and stereographic displays. Novelty and training effects were associated with the stereographic display mode, as evidenced by differences between the beginning and end of the study. The stereo display provided higher detection and classification performance with less interpretation time compared to other display modes tested in the study; however, the differences were not statistically significant. Our preliminary results indicate a potential role for the use of radiologists' search paths in evaluating the relative ergonomic efficiencies of different display paradigms, but systematic training and practice is necessary to eliminate training curve and novelty effects before search strategies can be meaningfully compared.

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Three-dimensional Volume Rendering of Spiral CT Data: Theory and Method

Cited by 512 publications

References 42 publications

Clinical application of cbct in endodontics-a review

Clinical application of cbct in endodontics-a review

Advanced 3D visualization in student-centred medical education

Characterization of Radiologists’ Search Strategies for Lung Nodule Detection: Slice-Based Versus Volumetric Displays

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