Three levels of culture and firms’ entrepreneurial orientation: A research agenda

Fayolle, Alain; Basso, Olivier; Bouchard, Véronique

doi:10.1080/08985620903233952

Cited by 128 publications

(130 citation statements)

References 85 publications

(118 reference statements)

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“…The informal institutions (national culture) and formal institutions determine the ''rules of the game'' in strategy implementation (Saeed et al, 2014). Despite the suggestion that national culture influences entrepreneurial behaviors, few researchers have studied the role and influence of national culture on EO (Covin & Miller, 2014;Fayolle, Basso, & Bouchard, 2010). Thus, little is understood as to how national culture influences the different dimensions of EO.…”

Section: Development Of Research Hypothesesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Entrepreneurial Orientation Rhetoric in Franchise Organizations: The Impact of National Culture

Watson

Dada

Wright

et al. 2017

Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice

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This study examines the role of national culture on the entrepreneurial orientation (EO) rhetoric contained within franchisee recruitment promotional materials, where EO rhetoric is defined as the strategic use of words in organizational narratives to convey the risk taking, innovativeness, proactiveness, autonomy, and competitive aggressiveness of the firm. The sample comprised 378 franchise organizations, in five different countries (Australia, France, India, South Africa, and the UK). The results indicate that franchise systems operating in high uncertainty avoidance and feminine cultures use less entrepreneurially oriented rhetoric, suggesting that EO rhetoric in franchise organizations varies according to different national cultural contexts. Keywords franchising, entrepreneurial orientation, national cultureResearch suggests that there are cross-cultural variations in entrepreneurial entry rates (Autio, Pathak, & Wennberg, 2013) and it seems that this in part stems from differences in national cultural values. It has been contended that entrepreneurship is a response to certain environmental conditions that can help or hinder entrepreneurial success (Lee & Peterson, 2000). Berger (1991, p. 122) comments that ''culture [. . .] serves as the conductor, and the entrepreneur as the catalyst'' to entrepreneurship. Mueller and Thomas (2001, p. 58) argue that values and norms are ''powerful forces in controlling and directing human behavior,'' and thus differences in cultural values may mean that the extent to which entrepreneurial behaviors, such as risk taking and independent thinking, are considered desirable will differ between cultures (Hayton, Gerard, & Zahra, 2002). Therefore, it is suggested that some cultures will be Covin and Miller (2014), empirical research on the relationship between EO and national culture is very limited. This provides a significant research opportunity (Covin & Miller, 2014), which the present study seeks to develop further.This paper examines the role of national culture on the EO rhetoric contained within franchisee recruitment promotional materials. Drawing on Zachary et al. (2011a), we define EO rhetoric as the strategic use of words in organizational narratives to convey the risk taking, innovativeness, proactiveness, autonomy, and competitive aggressiveness of the firm. We argue that cultural differences in EO will lead to differences in the extent to which EO rhetoric is used to attract franchisees. Thus, for example, in cultures where autonomy is more highly valued, franchisors may be more likely to stress the independence offered by franchising in their communications. Similarly, in cultures where risk taking is not valued (or indeed where cultures are risk-averse), franchisors may emphasize the reduced risk offered by being part of an established system. EO has been conceptualized in a number of different ways in the literature (see Covin & Lumpkin, 2011 for a discussion), but these have principally been aligned to one of two key conceptualizations. The first,...

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Section: Development Of Research Hypothesesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Entrepreneurial Orientation Rhetoric in Franchise Organizations: The Impact of National Culture

Watson

Dada

Wright

et al. 2017

Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice

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“…This condition is known as organizational predisposition, which is inherent to any strategic orientation of the firm, and is the result of existing organizational rules and routines and organizational past performance [18]. In this case, organizational culture and values or core beliefs [69] play an important role in the organization's adoption of sustainable entrepreneurial behavior as part and result of such a predisposition [126]. A firm with SEO is supported not only by the culture and internal organizational routines, but also by showing an EO, that is, innovativeness, pro-activeness and risk taking, in its commitment to-integrated, voluntary and formalized-managerial sustainable practices [53], consciously integrating interests towards sustainable development in decision-making, strategy, business operations and through their interactions with stakeholders [91].…”

Section: Seo Construct: Nature and Contextualization From A Multiple mentioning

confidence: 99%

Sustainable Entrepreneurial Orientation: A Business Strategic Approach for Sustainable Development

2017

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This paper proposes sustainable entrepreneurial orientation (SEO) as a multidimensional construct that offers researchers the possibility of empirically testing their theoretical proposals in the sustainable entrepreneurship field. The authors propose an integration of different theories. In accordance with the dynamic capabilities view, SEO is approached under an organizational paradigm of strategic orientations delimited by competitive culture and multiple orientation perspectives. Furthermore, SEO's nature is conceived at a firm-based entrepreneurship level and is based on an integrated triple bottom line sustainability. This approach is conceptualized using a categorization scheme and defined in accordance with the organizational predisposition perspective. Several research lines are proposed, all based on relational models with SEO as the key concept.

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“…While studies have associated these entrepreneurial behaviors with firms' economic performance (e.g., Madsen, 2007;Fayolle et al, 2010;Grande et al, 2011), Covin and Miller (2014) argue that variations in these behaviors may also explain variations in international new market entry. International new entry is an entrepreneurial phenomenon that focuses on new product-market identification and exploitation abroad by existing or start-up firms; it is seen as an exceptional achievement that reflects a firm's ability to get its products and/or services accepted beyond its home market (Cavusgil & Knight, 2015).…”

Section: Theoretical Background and Hypothesis Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

International entrepreneurial orientation and regional expansion

Boso

Oghazi

Hultman

2016

Entrepreneurship & Regional Development

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This study examines how behavioral elements of international entrepreneurial orientation (i.e., product innovativeness, risk-taking, proactiveness, competitive aggressiveness, and autonomy) increase variability in scope of regional market expansion, and the international marketing channel management conditions under which this occurs. Results from an empirical study in a developing market show that not all behavioral elements of international entrepreneurial orientation (IEO) increase scope of regional expansion. The study specifically finds that scope of regional expansion is fostered when high levels of product innovation intensity, risk-taking, competitive aggressiveness, and autonomous behaviors are aligned with a stronger channel management capability. Conversely, the regional expansion values of product innovation novelty and proactiveness are cancelled out when channel management capability levels are high.

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Three levels of culture and firms’ entrepreneurial orientation: A research agenda

Cited by 128 publications

References 85 publications

Entrepreneurial Orientation Rhetoric in Franchise Organizations: The Impact of National Culture

Entrepreneurial Orientation Rhetoric in Franchise Organizations: The Impact of National Culture

Sustainable Entrepreneurial Orientation: A Business Strategic Approach for Sustainable Development

International entrepreneurial orientation and regional expansion

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