Three new species of Inosperma (Agaricales, Inocybaceae) from Tropical Africa

Abstract

Here, we describe three new species of Inosperma from Tropical Africa: Inosperma africanum, I. bulbomarginatum and I. flavobrunneum. Morphological and molecular data show that these species have not been described before, hence need to be described as new. The phylogenetic placements of these species were inferred, based on molecular evidence from sequences of 28S and RPB2. Additional analysis using ITS dataset shows interspecific variation between each species. Phylogenetic analyses resolve I. flavobrunneum in Old World Tropical clade 1 with weak support, I. bulbomarginatum is sister of Old World Tropical clade 1 and I. africanum is indicated as sister to the rest of Inosperma. Complete description and illustrations, including photographs and line drawings, are presented for each species. A new combination of Inocybe shawarensis into Inosperma is also proposed.

A New Muscarine-Containing Inosperma (Inocybaceae, Agaricales) Species Discovered From One Poisoning Incident Occurring in Tropical China

“…The sequences (ITS, nrLSU, and RPB2) obtained in this study were verified (Nilsson et al, 2012 ) and deposited in GenBank ( Supplementary Table S1 in Supplementary Material 1 ). Sequences of Inosperma taxa mainly retrieved from previous studies (Larsson et al, 2009 ; Kropp et al, 2013 ; Horak et al, 2015 ; Naseer et al, 2017 ; Bau and Fan, 2018 ; Matheny and Kudzma, 2019 ; Matheny et al, 2020 ; Aïgnon et al, 2021 ; Bandini et al, 2021 ; Cervini et al, 2021 ; Deng et al, 2021a , b ) were downloaded from GenBank for phylogenetic analyses ( Supplementary Table S1 in Supplementary Material 1 ). MAFFT online service was used to align each of the three genes with the E-INS-i iterative refinement strategy ( https://mafft.cbrc.jp/alignment/server/ ); then the alignments were manually adjusted by BioEdit version 7.0.9.0 (Hall, 1999 ).…”

Five new species of Inosperma from China: Morphological characteristics, phylogenetic analyses, and toxin detection

“…Thirty-nine sequences (13 for ITS, 13 for nrLSU, and 13 for rpb2) were newly generated in this study and were deposited in GenBank ( Supplementary Table 1 ). Additional sequences were retrieved from GenBank 1 and previously published articles ( Supplementary Table 1 ; Pradeep et al, 2016 ; Latha and Manimohan, 2017 ; Matheny and Bougher, 2017 ; Fan and Bau, 2018 ; Matheny et al, 2019 ; Aïgnon et al, 2021 ; Bandini et al, 2021 ; Deng et al, 2021a , b , 2022 ).…”

Two new Inosperma (Inocybaceae) species with unexpected muscarine contents from tropical China

“…Sequences in this study were prepared and compared with closely related Inosperma sequences that were retrieved from GenBank (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/) through BLAST tool (https://blast.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Blast.cgi) or literature survey (Larsson et al 2009;Kropp et al 2013;Horak et al 2015;Nasser et al 2017;Bau and Fan 2018;Matheny and Kudzma 2019;Matheny et al 2020;Deng et al 2021;Aïgnon et al 2021;Cervini et al 2021;Bandini et al 2021). Then sequences from three genes were aligned respectively using MAFFT online service (https://mafft.cbrc.jp/alignment/ server/) (Katoh et al 2019) and were edited by BioEdit version 7.0.9.0 (Hall 1999).…”

“…indexfungorum.org, retrieved 7 Oct. 2021). The tropical elements of Inosperma comprise several recently described, and still a few undescribed taxa, which were divided into two separate Old World tropical clades (Kropp et al 2013;Matheny et al 2020;Aïgnon et al 2021;Deng et al 2021). Interestingly, most of the taxa from Old World tropical clade 1 were mainly distributed in western Africa (Matheny et al 2020;Aïgnon et al 2021), and species in Old World tropical clade 2 were mainly from tropical Asia (Deng et al 2021).…”