Three-phase optimal load flow model and algorithm for active distribution networks

Ju, Yuntao; Wu, Wenchuan; Lin, Yi; Ge, Fuchao; Lin, Yuping

doi:10.1109/pesgm.2017.8274363

Cited by 4 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…In this work, the modeling line used was the circuit π equivalent to a three-phase line, as proposed by the authors of [23], considering the mutual inductances between the phases. The three-phase admittance matrix, .…”

Section: Distribution Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some kinds of DT tap adjustments were already performed in [22], which used genetic algorithms to solve the optimizations problem, together with the OpenDSS, which analyzed each solution generated. The authors of [23] proposed a quadratic three-phase transformer model resolved via a mixed-integer quadratically constrained quadratic program model, binary scheme and big-M method.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Voltage Regulation Planning for Distribution Networks Using Multi-Scenario Three-Phase Optimal Power Flow

2019

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Active distribution networks must operate properly for different scenarios of load levels and distributed generation. An important operational requirement is to maintain the voltage profile within standard operating limits. To do this, this paper proposed a Multi-Scenario Three-Phase Optimal Power Flow (MTOPF) that plans the voltage regulation of unbalance and active distribution networks considering typical scenarios of operation. This MTOPF finds viable operation points by the optimal adjustments of voltage regulator taps and distribution transformer taps. The differentiating characteristic of this formulation is that in addition to the traditional tuning of voltage regulator taps of an active network applied for just one scenario of load and generation, it also performs the optimal adjustment of distribution transformer taps, which, once fixed, is able to meet the voltage limits of diverse operating situations. The optimization problem was solved by the primal-dual interior-point method and the formulation was tested using the IEEE 123-bus system.Energies 2020, 13, 159 2 of 21 Thus, this research adjusted a single-period Three-Phase Optimal Power Flow (TOPF), proposed by the authors of [1], into a multi-scenario formulation that assists the voltage regulation planning of a distribution network, making not only the traditional adjustments of voltage regulators, but also of the distribution transformers taps (DT) that simultaneously satisfy different configurations of load and DG power injections (that depends on the solar incidence, for example) during a typical day.The adjustments proposed in this article considered a large insertion of photovoltaic (PV) generation, which required careful monitoring to not exceed operational limits of the network and equipment. Therefore, to address these questions, it was necessary to act on the step voltage regulators and on the distribution transformers taps that existed along the feeders to control the voltage profile.To do this, the purpose of this article was to propose an optimization problem that applies to a three-phase unbalanced network (besides the conventional control actions, such as voltage regulator taps, as [2]) and DT tap adjustments to monitor the voltage profile, considering not only one point of operation, but a combination of multiple scenarios simultaneously (MTOPF). The consideration of multiple periods (or scenarios) must be made because after the DTs taps are fixed at planned positions, they do not change during the operation time. So, this tap allocation satisfies different conditions of load and DG penetrations (with pre-establishment of a different combination of scenarios) while minimizing the total electrical losses.Besides the description of the MTOPF proposed, some variations of this main idea were developed in a way to validate its results. We also proposed a parametrization of loads and GD insertions that allowed the execution of each scenario individually. This formulation was named PTOPF, and it can confront the results of a single-period f...

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Section: Distribution Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Voltage Regulation Planning for Distribution Networks Using Multi-Scenario Three-Phase Optimal Power Flow

2019

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“…Adapted algorithms have already been presented in litera-ture ( [13][14][15]) with the name three-phase optimal power flow (TOPF) ( [13,16,17]). Applications are conservation voltage reduction [18], voltage unbalance mitigation [17], active control of distribution grids ( [19,20]) (e.g., in a Distribution Management System [16]), dispatch of energy storage systems [21], the placement and sizing of DG units [22] like inverter-based renewable systems [23] or load scheduling [24].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hence, for this approach a sequence of algorithms is used internally. In contrast to that, the algorithm in this paper consists only of a single optimization problem that is build up and solved like in [14,17,[19][20][21]23,24] or [27].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Optimal Power Flow Algorithm for the Simulation of Energy Storage Systems in Unbalanced Three-Phase Distribution Grids

et al. 2021

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An optimal power flow algorithm for unbalanced three-phase distribution grids is presented in this paper as a new tool for grid planning on low voltage level. As additional equipment like electric vehicles, heat pumps or solar power systems can sometimes cause unbalanced power flows, existing algorithms have to be adapted. In comparison to algorithms considering balanced power flows, the presented algorithm uses a complete model of a three-phase four-wire low voltage grid. Additionally, a constraint for the voltage unbalance in the grid is introduced. The algorithm can be used to optimize the operation of energy storage systems in unbalanced systems. The used grid model, constraints, objective function and solver are explained in detail. A validation of the algorithm using a commercial tool is done. Additionally, three exemplary optimizations are performed to show possible applications for this tool.

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“…However, the solution speed is slow and can easily fall into local optimization instead of the global. Other scholars used the convex model of convexity relaxation, which first eliminated the phase angle of voltage and current, and then used a second-order cone relaxation to convexify the original model (Bose et al, 2016;Tian et al, 2016;Ju et al, 2017;Zafar et al, 2020). However, since OPF solutions such as secondorder cones need to eliminate the phase angle between voltage and current, this method cannot calculate the voltage and current on the neutral line.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Three-Phase Four-Wire OPF-Based Collaborative Control of PV Inverter and ESS for Low-Voltage Distribution Networks With High Proportion PVs

Guan

et al. 2021

Front. Energy Res.

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The use of photovoltaic reactive power and energy storage active power can solve the problems of voltage violation, network loss, and three-phase unbalance caused by photovoltaic connection to low-voltage distribution networks. However, the three-phase four-wire structure of the low-voltage distribution network brings difficulties to power flow calculation. In order to achieve photovoltaic utilization through optimal power flow, a photovoltaic-energy storage collaborative control method for low-voltage distribution networks based on the optimal power flow of a three-phase four-wire system is proposed. Considering the amplitude and phase angle of voltage and current, a three-phase four-wire node admittance matrix was used to establish the network topology of the low-voltage distribution network. Also, to minimize the network loss, the three-phase unbalance and voltage deviation. a multi-objective optimization model based on three-phase four-wire network topology was established considering the voltage constraints, reverse power flow constraints and neutral line current constraints. Through improving the node admittance matrix and model convexity, the complexity of solving the problem is reduced. The CPLEX algorithm package was used to solve the problem. Based on a 21-bus three-phase four-wire low-voltage distribution network, a 24-h multi-period simulation was undertaken to verify the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed scheme.

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Three-phase optimal load flow model and algorithm for active distribution networks

Cited by 4 publications

References 15 publications

Voltage Regulation Planning for Distribution Networks Using Multi-Scenario Three-Phase Optimal Power Flow

Voltage Regulation Planning for Distribution Networks Using Multi-Scenario Three-Phase Optimal Power Flow

An Optimal Power Flow Algorithm for the Simulation of Energy Storage Systems in Unbalanced Three-Phase Distribution Grids

Three-Phase Four-Wire OPF-Based Collaborative Control of PV Inverter and ESS for Low-Voltage Distribution Networks With High Proportion PVs

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