Three-Phase Three-Dimensional Electrochemical Process for Efficient Treatment of Greywater

Abstract

Water shortages around the world have intensified the search for substitute sources. Greywater can serve as a solution for water requirements. Compared to two-dimensional electrochemical processes for water treatment, the addition of particle activated carbon enhances the conductivity and mass transfer or the adsorption of pollutants in a three-dimensional (3D) electrochemical process. The large specific surface areas of these particles can provide more reactive sites, resulting in a higher removal efficiency. In this study, the treatment of greywater by the electro-Fenton (E-Fenton) method was carried out in a 3D electrolytic reactor. The effects of the operating conditions, such as electrode spacing, applied voltage, treatment time, and activated carbon loading, on the efficacy of the E-Fenton process were investigated, and the corresponding optimum conditions were found to be 7 cm, 9 V, 2 h, and 10 g. The results showed that CODCr removal of greywater treated using the 3D electrochemical process was 85%. With the help of the Box–Behnken experiment design and the response surface methodology, the parameters were optimized to determine the optimal conditions. The results of the response surface analysis were consistent with the experimental results. The above findings illustrate that the proposed three-phase 3D electrochemical process is feasible for the efficient treatment of greywater.

Three-dimensional Electrocoagulation Process Optimization Employing Response Surface Methodology that Operated at Batch Recirculation Mode for Treatment Refinery Wastewaters

“…Electrolysis efficiency decreases as the amount of activated carbon with metal impregnated added to the system decreases because fewer reaction sites are available and the lower Aluminum and ferric ions are dissolved. Because of the increased reaction sites provided by the activated carbon, the average mass transfer distance between the contaminants was reduced as activated carbon loading increased [63]. Additionally, pollution was removed at a higher rate, and this was due to the adsorption capacity of particle electrodes, which can extract pollutants on their surfaces, a rise in the production of amorphous Al(OH)3 and Fe(OH)3.…”