Three previously characterized resistances to yellow rust are encoded by a single locus Wtk1

Klymiuk, Valentyna; Fatiukha, Andrii; Raats, Dina; Bocharova, Valeria; Huang, Lin; Feng, Lu; Jaiwar, Samidha; Pozniak, Curtis; Coaker, Gitta; Dubcovsky, Jorge; Fahima, Tzion

doi:10.1093/jxb/eraa020

Cited by 26 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 69 publications

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“…The current histopathology study is part of a long-term project aiming to clone and characterize powdery mildew and stripe rust resistance genes derived from wild emmer wheat by using the map-based cloning approach, as we recently demonstrated for the cloning of Yr15 [14,20]. Previously, we localized PmG3M to chromosome 6B using the G305-3M × LDN mapping population [12].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Fluorescence microscopy of Bgt structures was performed using wheat germ agglutinin (WGA; a lectin that binds specifically to β (1→4)-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine, i.e., chitin) conjugated with a fluorescent dye, according to Dawson et al [43] and Klymiuk et al [14,20], with slight modifications. Leaf segments (primary leaf, 5 cm long) were sampled at 4,8,12,18,24,32,48,72,96,120,144,168 and 240 h post inoculation (hpi) with Bgt spores.…”

Section: Microscopic Observations Of Wheat-bgt Interactions Within Inmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Post-Haustorial Defense Mechanism is Mediated by the Powdery Mildew Resistance Gene, PmG3M, Derived from Wild Emmer Wheat

et al. 2020

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The destructive wheat powdery mildew disease is caused by the fungal pathogen Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici (Bgt). PmG3M, derived from wild emmer wheat Triticum dicoccoides accession G305-3M, is a major gene providing a wide-spectrum resistance against Bgt. PmG3M was previously mapped to wheat chromosome 6B using an F6 recombinant inbred line (RIL) mapping population generated by crossing G305-3M with the susceptible T. durum wheat cultivar Langdon (LDN). In the current study, we aimed to explore the defense mechanisms conferred by PmG3M against Bgt. Histopathology of fungal development was characterized in artificially inoculated leaves of G305-3M, LDN, and homozygous RILs using fluorescence and light microscopy. G305-3M exhibited H2O2 accumulation typical of a hypersensitive response, which resulted in programmed cell death (PCD) in Bgt-penetrated epidermal cells, while LDN showed well-developed colonies without PCD. In addition, we observed a post-haustorial resistance mechanism that arrested the development of fungal feeding structures and pathogen growth in both G305-3M and resistant RIL, while LDN and a susceptible RIL displayed fully developed digitated haustoria and massive accumulation of fungal biomass. In contrast, both G305-3M and LDN exhibited callose deposition in attempt to prevent fungal invasion, supporting this as a mechanism of a basal defense response not associated with PmG3M resistance mechanism per se. The presented results shed light on the resistance mechanisms conferred by PmG3M against wheat powdery mildew.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Microscopic Observations Of Wheat-bgt Interactions Within Inmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Post-Haustorial Defense Mechanism is Mediated by the Powdery Mildew Resistance Gene, PmG3M, Derived from Wild Emmer Wheat

et al. 2020

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Section: Stripe Rust Resistance Variation In Wild Emmer Accessions Camentioning

confidence: 96%

“…In the present study, we observed a range of resistance responses in wild emmer accessions carrying functional Yr15. Different hypotheses may explain our observation: (1) phenotypic differences in the presence of Yr15 are likely associated to differences in the genetic backgrounds [35]; (2) the presence of suppressors that suppressed Yr15-mediated resistance [36]; (3) absence/mutation of downstream substrates of resistance gene signaling pathway [21,37].…”

Section: Stripe Rust Resistance Variation In Wild Emmer Accessions Camentioning

confidence: 97%

Distribution and Nucleotide Diversity of Yr15 in Wild Emmer Populations and Chinese Wheat Germplasm

Feng

Jiang

et al. 2020

Pathogens

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Stripe rust, caused by Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici (Pst), is a devastating fungal disease of wheat. The wild emmer gene, Yr15 (Wtk1), which confers a strong broad-spectrum resistance to Pst isolates, is composed of kinase and pseudokinase domains. The analysis of 361 wild emmer accessions from a wide range of natural habitats confirms that functional Wtk1 is distributed mainly along a narrow axis from Mt. Carmel to Mt. Hermon regions, in the northern part of Israel, where environmental conditions are favorable to the onset of stripe rust. An analysis of full-length Wtk1 DNA sequences from 49 wild emmer accessions identified three haplotypes and extremely low nucleotide diversity (π = 0.00002). The sequence diversity of Wtk1 is 9.5 times lower than that of broad-spectrum partial resistance gene Yr36 (π = 0.00019), and both are in sharp contrast to the high level of nucleotide diversity previously reported for race-specific resistance genes (e.g., Lr10 and Pm3). However, the nonfunctional wtk1 sequences possess high level of nucleotide diversity (π = 0.07). These results may reflect the different resistance mechanisms and the different evolutionary processes that shaped these resistance genes. Yr15 was absent in 189 Chinese wheat landraces and was present in only 1.02% of the 583 tested modern Chinese wheat cultivars. These results corroborate our previous results showing that Yr15 was absent in 94% of a worldwide collection of 513 wheat cultivars, therefore indicating the importance of Yr15 in wheat stripe rust resistance breeding programs in China and elsewhere around the globe.

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“…So far, Pst resistance genes have been designated [72] and many QTLs identified in wheat have been reported on chromosome 1B [73]. Yr10 [74], Yr9 [75], YrAlp [72], Yr15 [76] , YrH52 [77],…”

Section: Analysis Of the Major Resistance Locus Identified On Chromosmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genome-wide association mapping identifies Yellow Rust resistance locus in Ethiopian Durum Wheat germplasm

Alemu

Huluka

Tesfaye

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Durum wheat is an important cereal grown in Ethiopia, a country which is also its center for genetic diversity. Yellow (stripe) rust caused by Puccinia striiformis fsp tritici is one of the most devastating diseases threatening Ethiopian wheat production. To identify sources of genetic resistance to combat this pathogen, we conducted a genome wide association study of yellow rust resistance on 300 durum wheat accessions comprising 261 landraces and 39 cultivars. The accessions were evaluated for their field resistance in an alpha lattice design (10 × 30) in two replications at Meraro, Kulumsa and Chefe-Donsa in the 2015 and 2016 main growing seasons. Disease Scoring was carried out using a modified Cobb scale and then converted to Coefficient of Infection (CI). Analysis of the 35K Axiom Array genotyping data resulted in a total of 8,797 polymorphic SNPs of which 7,093 were used in subsequent analyses. Population structure analysis suggested two groups in which the cultivars clearly stood out separately from the landraces. We identified twelve SNPs significantly associated with yellow rust resistance across four chromosomes (1A, 1B, 2B, and 7B). Six of the SNPs (AX-95171339, AX-94436448, AX-95238778, AX-95096041, AX-94730403 & AX-94427201), were consistently identified on chromosome 1B at the three field locations and combined across the six environments. The phenotypic variation (R2) explained by all six SNPs on chromosome 1B ranged from 63.7 – 65.4%. Locus-based analysis of phenotypic values between resistant and susceptible allele resulted in a significant difference at (p < 0.001). Further investigation across the genomic interval encompassing the identified loci indicated the presence of disease resistance protein (NBS-LRR class) family and RPM1 in the vicinity of the loci. This study provides SNPs for tracking the QTL associated with yellow rust resistance in durum wheat improvement programs.

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Three previously characterized resistances to yellow rust are encoded by a single locus Wtk1

Cited by 26 publications

References 69 publications

A Post-Haustorial Defense Mechanism is Mediated by the Powdery Mildew Resistance Gene, PmG3M, Derived from Wild Emmer Wheat

A Post-Haustorial Defense Mechanism is Mediated by the Powdery Mildew Resistance Gene, PmG3M, Derived from Wild Emmer Wheat

Distribution and Nucleotide Diversity of Yr15 in Wild Emmer Populations and Chinese Wheat Germplasm

Genome-wide association mapping identifies Yellow Rust resistance locus in Ethiopian Durum Wheat germplasm

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