Three‐state time‐modulated array‐enabled directional modulation for secure orthogonal frequency‐division multiplexing wireless transmission

Abstract

Recent works have shown that by using time-modulated arrays (TMAs), directional modulation (DM) physical-layer secured transmitters for orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) wireless data transfer can be constructed. In this paper, three-state TMAs are introduced for OFDM DM systems which allow more flexible manipulation of the injected orthogonal artificial noise and hence improve security. In particular, this paper presents for the first time both static and dynamic three-state time-modulated OFDM DM systems. Simulated bit error rate (BER) spatial distributions are shown for various system configurations in order to illustrate representative examples of secrecy performance enhancement that can be achieved by the proposed transmitter arrangement.

Energy-Efficient Physical Layer Security for Wearable IoT Devices

“…However, those implementations require simultaneous port activation to realize DM, which is still challenging for wearable IoT systems, as the necessary number of active RF transceivers increases the cost and exacerbates the tight energy constraint of wearable technologies. Single port DM implementations using time-modulated arrays are proposed in [13], [14]; however, these methods are still demanding for wearable IoT implementation due to switch synchronization (which requires more computational power), and larger space for antenna packaging. In our previous work [15], we propose a single-port DM method relying on switches but without the need for any specific sequence, i.e.…”