Thrips, Tospovirus, and Host-Plant Associations in a Hawaiian Farm Ecosystem: Prospects for Reducing Disease Losses

Bautista, R. C.; Mau, Ronald F. L.; Cho, J.J.; Custer, D. M.

doi:10.17660/actahortic.1996.431.43

Cited by 9 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…WMS population was higher in organic orchards compared to conventionally managed orchards. The authors suggested that this increase in population might be due to the excessive use of nitrogenous and phosphorous fertilizers [124]. A higher population of WMS was observed in late-maturing cultivars in Mexico [66,120].…”

Section: Cultural Controlmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review on White Mango Scale Biology, Ecology, Distribution and Management

Raza,

Khan,

Hameed

et al. 2023

Agriculture

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The white mango scale (WMS) insect, Aulacaspis tubercularis (Hemiptera: Diaspididae), is a polyphagous, multivoltine pest which is a serious threat to qualitative mango production and export. The WMS insect sucks sap from leaves, branches and fruits. The heavy infestation of this pest may cause the falling of young leaves, drying up of twigs, poor flowering, and, finally, reduce the quality of fruits by producing pink spots on fruits’ surface. This review paper was written to provide comprehensive information about pest biology, ecology and management in different parts of the world. WMS was first reported on the island of Formosa on Mangifera indica in 1929 and later on in the Caribbean Islands, India and Brazil. Now it is found in almost 69 mango-producing countries of the world. The thermal regime may affect the population of pests. In Australia, the life cycle is completed in 35–40 days in summer and 70–85 days in winter. Variety, age of plants, number of trees per acre, canopy size and sunlight penetration affect the density of WMS. Different Coccinellid beetles and parasitoid Encarsia femorosa feed on WMS; however, farmers most commonly use insecticides to get rid of this pest. In Pakistan, WMS is a growing threat to the export of mangoes; hence IPM plan is needed to reduce the pest numbers and enhance qualitative mango production.

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Section: Cultural Controlmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review on White Mango Scale Biology, Ecology, Distribution and Management

Raza,

Khan,

Hameed

et al. 2023

Agriculture

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“…During this growing season weed seeds germinate because of the high rainfall and become a problem if there is no control (Ochoa et al ., 1996b). Thrips appear to play an important role in TSWV and INSV prevalence because of their ability to disseminate viruses from different infected weeds growing around or within the crop (Cho et al ., 1986; Chellemi et al ., 1994; Bautista et al ., 1995). Frankliniella occidentalis and Thrips tabaci , among other thrips species, have been found in Villa Guerrero associated with chrysanthemum, and at least 26 weed species were identified growing within or around chrysanthemum fields (Ochoa et al ., 1996a; Ochoa et al ., 1996b).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Frankliniella occidentalis and Thrips tabaci , among other thrips species, have been found in Villa Guerrero associated with chrysanthemum, and at least 26 weed species were identified growing within or around chrysanthemum fields (Ochoa et al ., 1996a; Ochoa et al ., 1996b). Some of these weeds were previously reported as hosts of both pathogen and vectors (Cho et al ., 1988; Bautista et al ., 1995; Mertelik et al ., 1996). Currently, Mexican chrysanthemum producers do not follow a management programme to control virus diseases, and cuttings used for crop establishment usually have a high incidence of infection.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Implications of weed composition and thrips species for the epidemiology of tomato spotted wilt in chrysanthemum (Dendranthema grandiflora)

1999

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The effects of 21 weeds acting as hosts of tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV), temperature, thrips population and diversity on disease progress in chrysanthemum cv. Polaris were studied. Under greenhouse conditions, only Taraxacum officinale, Bidens sp., Reseda luteola and Mirabilis jalapa were hosts for TSWV. Of 38 weeds species in the area surrounding a chrysanthemum field, Tithonia tubaeformis and R. luteola had the highest populations of adult and immature thrips. These weeds, as well as M. jalapa, had an extensive seasonal distribution and may play a key role in the disease progress. Seventeen thrips species belonging to the genera Bravothrips, Thrips and Frankliniella were identified on weed flowers, with Frankliniella occidentalis (FOC) representing 9·5% of all thrips identified. Of 123 thrips collected from chrysanthemum inflorescences, 9·75% were FOC, and only 2·5% of them transmitted TSWV. Of all the thrips species collected from chrysanthemum flowers in the field, only FOC was capable of transmitting TSWV. On 120 experimental plots established at two sites, with three transplanting dates (June, July and August), it was estimated that 1·25% of the chrysanthemum cuttings were already infected with TSWV when transplanted. Secondary spread, vectored by FOC, occurred only for the earliest transplanting date and resulted in a further 2·36% disease incidence.

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“…Management of winter annual weeds to mitigate TSWV incidence would be another pragmatic option to consider. For instance, a multidisciplinary effort including weed management was helpful in the management of TSWV in Hawaii (Cho et al 1989, Bautista et al 1996. However, studies addressing timing of removal, removal distance from crops, and economic feasibility should be undertaken to assess the usefulness of this tactic in the southeastern United States.…”

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confidence: 99%

Winter Weeds as Inoculum Sources of Tomato Spotted Wilt Virus and as Reservoirs for Its Vector,Frankliniella fusca(Thysanoptera: Thripidae) in Farmscapes of Georgia

Srinivasan¹,

Riley²,

Diffie³

et al. 2014

Environ Entomol

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Thrips-transmitted Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) has a broad host range including crops and weeds. In Georgia, TSWV is known to consistently affect peanut, tomato, pepper, and tobacco production. These crops are grown from March through November. In the crop-free period, weeds are presumed to serve as a green bridge for thrips and TSWV. Previous studies have identified several winter weeds as TSWV and thrips hosts. However, their ability to influence TSWV transmission in crops is still not completely understood. To further understand these interactions, population dynamics of two prevalent vectors, viz., Frankliniella fusca (Hinds) and Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande), on selected winter weeds were monitored from October through April in four counties from 2004 to 2008. Peak populations were typically recorded in March. F. fusca and F. occidentalis adults were found on winter weeds and their percentages ranged from 0 to 68% in comparison with other adults. Immatures outnumbered all adults. Microcosm experiments indicated that the selected winter weeds differentially supported F. fusca reproduction and development. The time required to complete one generation (adult to adult) ranged from 11 to 16 d. Adult recovery ranged from 0.97 to 2.2 per female released. In addition, transmission assays revealed that thrips efficiently transmitted TSWV from peanut to weeds, the incidence of infection ranged from 10 to 55%. Back transmission assays with thrips from TSWV-infected weeds resulted in up to 75% TSWV infection in peanut. These whole-plant transmission and back transmission assays provide the basis for TSWV persistence in farmscapes year round.

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Thrips, Tospovirus, and Host-Plant Associations in a Hawaiian Farm Ecosystem: Prospects for Reducing Disease Losses

Cited by 9 publications

References 0 publications

A Review on White Mango Scale Biology, Ecology, Distribution and Management

A Review on White Mango Scale Biology, Ecology, Distribution and Management

Implications of weed composition and thrips species for the epidemiology of tomato spotted wilt in chrysanthemum (Dendranthema grandiflora)

Winter Weeds as Inoculum Sources of Tomato Spotted Wilt Virus and as Reservoirs for Its Vector,Frankliniella fusca(Thysanoptera: Thripidae) in Farmscapes of Georgia

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