Thulium-Doped Tellurite Fiber Amplifier

Tm and Tm–Tb-doped germanate glasses for S-band amplifiers

“…Recently Tm-doped tellurite glass has been used for 1.47 mm fiber amplifier [1] based on the 3 H 4 -3 F 4 stimulated transition of Tm 3+ . However, two intrinsic properties of Tm 3+ single-doped materials may reduce its capacity of signal light amplification in S band in many oxide glasses where the 3 H 4 level easily decay to the next lower-level 3 H 5 via multiphonon relaxation.…”

NIR luminescence from Er3+/Yb3+, Tm3+/Yb3+, Er3+/Tm3+ and Nd3+ ions-doped zincborotellurite glasses for optical amplification

“…The tellurite glass has comparatively lower phonon energy (780 cm -1 ) than silicate glass, and it exhibits better environmental resistance than fluoride fibers, in addition, tellurite glass provides a much broader fluorescence spectra and larger RE oxide solubility than silicate and fluoride glasses [38,44]. Recently, Tm 3+ -doped tellurite fiber for S-band amplification was reported under dual-wavelength pumping (795/1064 and 1047/ 1550 nm) schemes [45,46], demonstrating a 35 dB internal gain and broader band amplification than in fluoride glass fiber; however, this pump scheme is complicated and the pump wavelength is difficult to get by LD. Tm 3+ /Yb 3+ -codoped tellurite fiber was studied to take advantage of low cost 980 nm LD and 6 dB gain at 1490 nm was achieved in Tm 3+ /Yb 3+ -codoped tellurite fiber by single120 mW 980 nm pump [38].…”

Optimization of Multiple Active Ion Doped Fiber Amplifiers for Three Communication Windows

“…Compared to FRA, rare-earth doped fiber amplifier has high gain and high pump efficiency, and in the past decade, the research on the rare-earth doped fiber amplifier has been focusing on the single-rare earthdoped fiber amplifiers, and all the amplifiers have their own bandwidths. Er 3+ -doped fiber amplifier (EDFA) with new split-band configuration [1,2] was reported providing gain bandwidth of more than 100 nm covering the range 1500-1600 nm; Tm 3+ -doped fiber amplifiers (TDFAs) [3][4][5] and Pr 3+ -doped fiber amplifiers (PDFA) [6] separately provided amplification in range of 1450-1520 nm and 1280-1340 nm, respectively.…”