Thymine DNA glycosylase‐regulated TAZ promotes radioresistance by targeting nonhomologous end joining and tumor progression in esophageal cancer

Abstract

Esophageal cancer is the ninth most common malignancy and the sixth-leading cause of cancer-related mortality in the world. 1 Although improved by current comprehensive treatment regimens, the prognosis for patients with esophageal cancer is still poor; the 5-year survival rate is only 15%-25%, and the recurrence rate is approximately 40%, even when tumors were radically resected. 2 Radiation therapy is one of the primary treatment strategies to relieve symptoms and prolong survival. Nevertheless, radiation resistance frequently occurs and results in treatment failure in radical, perioperative, or palliative treatments. 3 Therefore, we must find specific predictive markers of radiation sensitivity and potential targets for radiation sensitization in esophageal cancer urgently.

Hafnium-Based Metal–Organic Framework Nanoparticles as a Radiosensitizer to Improve Radiotherapy Efficacy in Esophageal Cancer

“…To address this issue, we have been focusing on the mechanisms of radioresistance in esophageal cancer while simultaneously looking for novel nanomaterials to enhance radiotherapy. 33 …”

“…Under these circumstances, radiotherapy faces the challenge of maximizing the therapeutic effect while minimizing adverse effects on surrounding healthy tissue. To address this issue, we have been focusing on the mechanisms of radioresistance in esophageal cancer while simultaneously looking for novel nanomaterials to enhance radiotherapy …”

“…To address this issue, we have been focusing on the mechanisms of radioresistance in esophageal cancer while simultaneously looking for novel nanomaterials to enhance radiotherapy. 33 Radiosensitizers can improve the selectivity of radiotherapy by differentiating the absorption of radiation between tumor tissue and healthy tissue. High Z materials, especially metal To provide environmentally friendly Hf-based MOFs with good therapeutic effects, we synthesized UiO-66-NH 2 (Hf) nanoparticles with a size of 95 nm.…”

Targeting the Hippo Pathway in Prostate Cancer: What’s New?

“…Hypoxia is reported to enhance phosphorylation of TAZ at Ser69 to down-regulate its activity, but phosphorylation of YAP is reduced, enhancing its activity in a number of cell lines including PC3 cells [101]. As hypoxia is associated with radioresistance in many cancers, it is interesting to note that in oesophageal cancer, TAZ regulates the expression of genes involved in non-homologous end joining that are a causative factor in radioresistance [102]. In addition, TAZ plays a role in EMT, migration and anchorage-independent growth in a number of cancers but it remains understudied in PC.…”

Biological Adaptations of Tumor Cells to Radiation Therapy

“…It has been associated with clinicopathological features, poor prognosis, and radioresistance in esophageal cancer cells. Furthermore, TAZ overexpression increases various hallmarks of cancer, such as proliferation, migration, invasion, and decreased apoptosis ( 54 ).…”